竞技冰壶运动研究评述及启示

Review and Enlightenment of Research on Competitive Curling

系统检索国内外竞技冰壶运动研究相关文献发现:1)研究主要集中在体能训练、冰壶动力学与擦冰技术、投壶技术与战术策略、运动损伤4个方面;2)体能训练应着重培养运动员的疲劳恢复能力、平衡能力、核心稳定性、力量素质和柔韧素质;3)影响冰壶在冰面运行轨迹的因素包括冰面情况,投壶运动员出手的力度、方向、旋转,擦冰的方式、力度和频率,其中,擦冰需根据冰壶出手后的运动轨迹、冰面情况、战术需要等做出调整;4)后手权、比赛阶段性、当前分差、冰面情况、己方和对手特点等因素共同影响冰壶战术决策的制定,信息技术结合决策模型等技术手段已经在竞技冰壶备战中得到广泛应用;5)重复单调的技术动作易造成运动员相应关节疲劳性损伤,应根据实际情况展开针对性地功能训练和保护措施。

Systematic retrieval of domestic and foreign literatures on competitive curling was conducted, By reviewing the literature in various fields, the following conclusions are drawn: 1) The relevant research mainly focused on four aspects: physical training, curling dynamics, sweeping techniques, tactical decision-making, and sports injuries. 2) In terms of physical ability, emphasis should be placed on training athletes’. fatigue recovery ability, balance ability, core stability,strength quality, and flexibility quality. 3) Ice conditions, hand force and direction, and rotation are the main factors affecting the curling track on the ice. The way, strength, and frequency of wiping the ice should be adjusted according to the actual situation of curling. 4) Factors such as the possession of the last stone, the stage of the competition, the current point difference, the situation of the ice surface, the characteristics of the team, and the opponent affect the decision-making of curling tactics. Information technology combined with the decision model has been widely used in competitive curling preparation. 5) Repetitive monotonous technical movements are easy to cause fatigue injuries to the corresponding joints of athletes, so targeted functional training and protection measures should be carried out according to the actual situation.