基于自主神经功能模型探讨迷走神经机制与体重变化

Study on Vagus Nerve Mechanism and Weight Change Based on Autonomic Nerve Function Model

目的:观察小级别跆拳道运动员在体重控制期间自主神经功能与体重的变化关系,探讨自主神经功能在风险管控中的价值与应用方法。方法:在运动员实时机能综合诊断技术平台数据库中,回顾14名优秀跆拳道小级别运动员在减控体重期间自主神经功能与代谢指标的变化,其中男子6人,女子8人,样本总数95例。以自主神经功能指标为主要观察对象进行因子分析,以“特征根≥1”为公因子提取原则,并用方差最大正交方法进行因子旋转,用因子得分的方式完成对原始数据的统一量纲化处理,并作为原始变量用于后续的回归分析中。应用逐步筛选回归分析法建立最优或最合适的体重回归模型,采用F检验、R^(2)、DW自相关检验和残差观察,验证自主神经机能与体重间相关依赖关系为因果关系。结果:1)通过因子分析(KMO值为0.9,Bartlett值为0.00),观察维度降为3个公共因子,即迷走神经因子(权重62%)、无氧代谢因子(18%)和交感神经因子(11%),其中迷走神经因子为综合评价的主控因素;2)根据逐步回归分析(R^(2)=0.447,DW=1.295,P=0.00,VIF≈1),相对最大摄氧(beta=0.504)、迷走神经因子(beta=0.314)、无氧代谢因子(beta=0.217)是体重的自变量,检验达随机标准。结论:1)迷走神经作为公共因子影响体重变化,迷走神经功能增强带来的体重下降应是安全合理的;2)体重控制过程中可通过迷走神经作为观察窗口,依据迷走神经功能的变化及时检出风险因素和行为。

Objective: To explore the value and application of autonomic nervous function in risk control by observing the variation curve between autonomic nervous function and body weight of little-grade Taekwondo athletes during the period of weight control. Methods: The changes of autonomic nervous function and metabolic indices of 14 elite little-grade Taekwondo athletes during weight control were reviewed in the database of athletes’ real-time functional comprehensive diagnosis technology platform(The total number of samples was 95 which contained 6males and 8 females). The indexes of autonomic nervous function were taken as the main object of observation for factor analysis, and the principle of extracting factor was“characteristic root≥1”. Meanwhile, the method of maximum variance orthogonality was used to rotate the factor.Unified dimension processing of original data was accomplished by factor score and used as original variable in subsequent regression analysis. Step-wise screening regression analysis was used to establish the optimal or most suitable weight regression model. On the other hand, F test, R^(2), DW autocorrelation test and residual observation were used to verify the causal relationship between autonomic nervous function and body weight. Results: 1) The observation dimension was reduced to three common factors after the procedure of factor analysis(KMO value was 0.9, Bartlett value is 0.00), including vagus nerve factor(weight 62%), anaerobic factor(weight 18%), sympathetic nerve factor(weight 11%), among which vagus nerve factor was the dominant factor for comprehensive evaluation. 2) According to stepwise regression analysis(R^(2)=0.447, DW=1.295, P=0.00, VIF 1), relative maximal oxygen uptake(beta=0.504), vagal factor(beta=0.314), anaerobic metabolic factor(beta=0.217) were independent variables of body weight, and the test reached the score of random criteria. Conclusion: 1) Vagus nerve is a common factor affecting weight change, and the weight loss caused by the increase of vagus nerve function should be safe and regression reasonable. 2) Vagus nerve can be used as an observation window to detect risk factors and behavior in the process of weight control.