上海市普陀区60~69岁居民新冠肺炎防控知识和行为调查

Investigation on Knowledge and Behavior of COVID-19 Prevention and Control Among Residents Aged 60-69 in Putuo District,Shanghai

目的了解2020年上海市普陀区60〜69岁居民新冠肺炎防控知识与行为现状,为提升老年人新冠肺炎的防控知识及健康素养水平提供参考。方法采用整群抽样方法(PPS法)和KISH表法相结合,利用2020年《上海市居民健康素养监测调查问卷》第五部分的新冠肺炎疫情相关题目,对821名60〜69岁的居民进行调查分析。结果“哪些人容易感染新冠病毒”(48.72%)、“新冠病毒可通过哪些途径造成人与人之间的传染”(23.75%)、“新冠肺炎疫情期间,为避免感染新冠病毒,个人应采取的防护措施”(47.87%)、“一次性使用医用口罩的正确佩戴方法”(39.34%)、“哪些人是新冠肺炎的传染源”(35.93%)的知晓率均低于50%。获取新冠肺炎相关知识宣传的主要途径是电视(96.32%)、微信(69.06%)、社区宣传(66.26%)。在新冠肺炎疫情期间采取的主要行为依次是主动上网搜索疾病预防知识(70.28%)、上网查询居住地附近疫情(57.00%)、电话或现场咨询社区医生(32.40%)。结论上海市普陀区60〜69岁居民新冠肺炎防控知识的知晓率较低,应针对其年龄特点,充分利用电视、网络和社区等健康教育宣传途径,促进老年人形成健康的生活方式,提高其健康素养水平。

Objective To investigate the current situation of COVID-19 prevention and control knowledge and behavior of residents aged 60-69 in Putuo District of Shanghai in 2020, and to provide reference for improving the health status and health literacy level of the elderly. Methods The data of 821 residents aged 60-69 years were analyzed by using cluster sampling(PPS) and KISH table, and the COVID-19 epidemic related questions in the fifth part of Shanghai Residents Health Literacy Surveillance Questionnaire in 2020. Results “Which people are susceptible to infection by novel coronavirus”(48.72%),“Which ways can novel coronavirus cause person-to-person infection”(23.75%), “In order to avoid infection by novel coronavirus during COVID-19 epidemic. The awareness rate of the protective measures to be taken by individuals ”(47.87%), “the correct way to wear disposable medical masks ”(39.34%), and “the people who are the source of COVID-19 infection”(35.93%) were all lower than 50%. Television(96.32%), WeChat(69.06%) and community publicity(66.26%) were the main channels to obtain COVID-19 related knowledge publicity. During the COVID-19 epidemic, the main behaviors taken were to actively search the Internet for disease prevention knowledge(70.28%), to search the epidemic situation near one’s residence(57.00%), and to consult community doctors by telephone or on the spot(32.40%). Conclusion The awareness rate of COVID-19 prevention and control in residents aged 60-69 in Putuo District of Shanghai is low. According to their age characteristics, health education and publicity channels such as TV, Internet and community should be fully used to promote the elderly to form a good healthy lifestyle and improve their health literacy level.