煤矿智能化开采煤岩识别技术综述

Review on coal and rock identification technology for intelligent mining in coal mines

加快煤炭产业链的智能化发展是当前环境下保证煤炭稳定供给的重心,而煤岩识别是实现煤矿智能化建设,提高煤层探测、智能开采、快速分选精度和效率的关键技术,因此,开展了煤岩高效识别技术方法的综述研究。首先根据使用工况不同,将煤岩识别统筹为接触式识别与非接触式识别,根据技术类别将现有识别技术归类为过程信号监测、红外热成像、图像特征、反射光谱、超声波探测、电磁波探测,从识别机理和技术原理方面进行了详细的介绍,并列举了典型特征下的煤岩差异。其次综合阐述了各种识别技术的研究现状,总结出工程实际中的煤岩识别技术应用现状;从理论技术研究、工况环境影响、煤岩特征3方面建立了不同识别技术的局限度评价表,超声波、电磁波探测技术局限度最低,红外成像识别技术局限度最高,其中工况环境对红外成像识别局限最明显,煤岩特征对反射光谱识别和过程信号监测识别局限最明显。基于上述局限度,对未来煤岩识别的研究重点提出4点建议:煤岩特征信息的深层挖掘,复杂多变环境的影响机理研究,物理属性相近的煤岩识别新方法,综合地质条件的煤岩识别方法适用性研究,为我国煤岩识别技术发展、煤矿智能化建设提供理论指导。

Accelerating the intelligent development of the coal industry chain is the focus of ensuring the stable supply of coal under the cur⁃rent environment,and coal and rock identification is the key technology to realize the intelligent construction of coal mines,improve the ac⁃curacy and efficiency of coal seam detection,intelligent mining,rapid separation,therefore,the paper carried out a review of coal and rock efficient identification technology methods.Firsty,according to different working condition,the coal and rock identification as a whole for the recognition of contact type and non-contact recognition,according to the technical categories,identification technology will be classified as existing recognition process signal monitoring,infrared thermal imaging,image characteristics and spectral reflectance,ultrasonic detection,electromagnetic wave detection,from recognition mechanism and technical principle has carried on the detailed introduction,and lists the typical characteristics of the coal and rock.Secondly,the paper comprehensively expounds the research status of various identification tech⁃nology and summarizes the application status of coal and rock identification technology in engineering practice.From the theory of technology research,the working condition of the environmental impact,coal rock characteristics of three types:set up innings limit evaluation of differ⁃ent recognition technology,ultrasonic wave,electromagnetic wave detection technology limit lowest,infrared image recognition technology the highest limit,working condition of the environment on the infrared imaging to identify limitations,the most obvious characteristic of coal and rock on reflection spectrum signal recognition and process monitoring to identify limitations;the most obvious limit,based on the above bureau of coal and rock identification for the future research focus put forward four proposals:"the deep mining of the coal rock characteristic information,complex and changeful environment,the influence mechanism research,similar physical properties,a new method of coal and rock identification and applicability,comprehensive geological conditions of coal and rock identification method research,intellectualization of coal and rock identification technology development in our country,coal mine intelligence construction to provide theoretical guidance.