贵州青钱柳群落特征及其植物区系研究

Study on Community Characteristics and Flora of Cyclocarya paliurus in Guizhou

为了解贵州不同流域分布的青钱柳群落植物区系特征。采用野外调查与查阅资料相结合的方法,分析种群结构和区系特征。研究表明:(1)贵州分布的青钱柳种群属于衰退型;(2)群落中重要值大于10%的有青钱柳、水青冈和白栎,为分布区的优势种;(3)研究区共有维管束植物151科467属1039种,其中以乌江流域分布种类最多(133科390属792种),最少是赤綦流域(CQ)有52科76属94种;(4)分布区科属地理区系类型多样,各流域分布的科都是以泛热带分布、北温带和南温带间断分布最多,属的分布区类型以泛热带分布为主,北温带和南温带间断分布为辅,呈现从温带型向热带型过渡的植物类型特点;(5)南北盘江流域(NB)青钱柳群落原生植被人为干扰程度最为严重,受到外来物种的竞争较明显,而沅江流域(YJ)保留的原种比例最大,区系次生度最小,青钱柳群落具有一定的原生性。

In order to understand the flora characteristics of Cyclocarya paliurus community distributed in different watersheds in Guizhou,the community characteristics and flora were analyzed by the combination of field investigation and data access.The results showed that:(1)The Cyclocarya paliurus population distributed in Guizhou belongs to recession type;(2)Cyclocarya paliurus,Fagus longipetiolata,Quercus fabri with an important value greater than 10 were the dominant species in the distribution area;(3)There were 1039 species of vascular plants belonging to 467 genera and 151 families in the study area,of which the most were 792 species belonging to 390 genera and 133 families in Wujiang River Basin(WJ),and the least was 94 species belonging to 76 genera and 52 families in Chiqi River Basin(CQ);(4)There were various types of families,genera and geographical flora in the distribution area.The families distributed in each basin were mostly pantropic,north temperate and south temperate discontinuous distribution.The distribution area type of genera was mainly pantropic,supplemented by north temperate and south temperate discontinuous distribution,showing the characteristics of transition from temperate plants to tropical plants;(5)The primary vegetation of Cyclocarya paliurus community in the Nanbei Panjiang River Basin(NB)was most seriously disturbed by human beings,and was obviously competitive by alien species.However,the proportion of original species retained in the Yuanjiang River Basin(YJ)was the largest,the floristic secondary degree was the smallest,and the Cyclocarya paliurus community had a certain protogeneity.