“脱贫”以上,“安逸”未满——对失地-拆迁农民消费变化的民族志研究

Above“Poverty Alleviation”,Not Yet“Comfortable”:An Ethnographic Study on the Consumption Change of Land-Lost Farmer

随着我国城市化进程的推进,失地农民的生存发展成为社会热点。失地农民一方面不满于“无田可耕”的现状,另一方面又希望通过征地拆迁快速致富。然而,通过为期一年的民族志调查,研究者发现,部分的失地农民在拆迁后实现“脱贫”却没有“致富”;不成熟的消费观和全面增加的消费内容导致失地农民恩格尔系数升高,在获得拆迁补偿款的初期部分失地农民还存在炫耀性消费的特点。研究认为,失地农民的种种消费行为主要与市民化进程中的身份认同有关。

With the development of urbanization in our country,the landlost farmer becomes a popular subject in society.On the one hand,land-lost farmers are dissatisfied with the status quo of“no land to cultivate”;on the other hand,they hope to get rich quickly through land acquisition and house demolition.However,with the one-year ethnographic investigation,this study found that some landlost farmers achieved“elimination of poverty”but did not“get rich”after the demolition;the immature consumption value and the overwhelming consumption on all living sources lead to the increase in the Engel coefficient of land-losing farmers,and conspicuous consumption can also be found at the early stage after receiving compensation.The study reveals that such new consumption behaviors of land-lost farmers are mainly related to their identity recognition during urbanization.