严复的路矿思想分析——以任职开平矿务局时期为中心

Analysis of Yan Fu’s Thought of Railways and Mines:Centered on the Period of His Tenure at the Kaiping Mining Bureau

开平矿务局原为官督商办企业,后变为中外合资企业,大部分矿权落入英商之手。严复应张翼之邀出任矿局华部总办,处理矿案善后事宜。在协助办理矿务期间,严复针对中国的路矿现状发表了数篇文章,集中体现了此时期他的路矿思想,有保矿保权、中外合资办矿、成立路矿总局、制定路矿发展规划、依法收回矿权五方面。其路矿思想突破了中国传统舆论的局限性,为中国的路矿建设描绘了一幅完整的蓝图,反映出当时爱国知识分子对国家发展的探索和思考。

The Kaiping Mining Bureaus was originally a government supervised commercial enterprise,but later became a Sino-foreign joint venture,with most of the mining rights falling into the hands of British merchants.Yan Fu was invited by Zhang Yi to be the chief administrator of the Chinese Department of the Mining Bureau to deal with the aftermath of the mine case.During his time assisting in the mining affairs,Yan Fu published several articles on the current state of China’s railways and mines,focusing on his ideas on railways and mines during this period,including the five aspects of preserving mines and mining rights,Sino-foreign joint ventures,setting up the General Administration of railways and Mines,formulating plans for the development of Railways and mines,and recovering mining rights in accordance with the law.His ideas on railways and mines broke through the limitations of the traditional Chinese public opinion,and drew a complete blueprint for the construction of China’s railways and mines,reflecting the exploration and reflection of patriotic intellectuals on the development of the country at that time.