新冠疫情对失地农户生计的动态影响分析

Study on Dynamic Impact of the COVID-19 Epidemic on the Livelihoods of Land-lost Peasant Households

【目的/意义】分析新冠疫情影响下的失地农户生计状况,有利于指导其选择科学的生计方式,从而促进农村地区可持续发展。【方法/过程】以河南省濮阳市的5个典型失地农村为例,通过线上及线下问卷调查的方式获得402户失地农户的有效数据,采用SPSS 19.0软件中方差分析等统计方法,并立足农户异质性和影响动态性视角,揭示新冠疫情对不同类型农户生计的动态影响。【结果/结论】新冠疫情使失地农户2020年户均纯收入较上年减少0.93万元,下降达9.52%;非农生计程度越高、劳动力数量越多、户主年龄越年轻、受教育程度越高年收入减少绝对值越大;疫情在不同时期对失地农户家庭支出、生活水平和生计策略方面产生的影响具有明显动态性。

【Objective/Meaning】Analyzing the livelihoods of land-lost peasant householdsunder the impact ofthe COVID-19 epidemic will help to guide them to choosea scientific way of livelihood,and promote the sustainable development of rural areas.【Methods/Procedures】By taking the five typical land-lost villages in Puyang City of Henan Province as an example,the effective data of 402 land-lostpeasant households were obtained through the online and offline questionnaire surveys,and thenthe statistical methods such as thevariance analysis in SPSS 19.0 software were usedto reveal the dynamic impact of the epidemic on the livelihoods of different types of farmersfrom the perspective ofthe heterogeneity of peasant households and the dynamics of impact.【Results/Conclusions】The epidemic has reduced the average net income oftheland-lostpeasant households by 9300 yuanin 2020 compared with the previous year,with a decrease of 9.51%.And the higher the degree of non-agricultural livelihood,the greater the number of labors,the younger the head of household,and the higher the education level,the greater the absolute decrease in annual income.Furthermore,the impacts of the epidemic on the expenditures,living standards and livelihood strategies of land-lost peasant households in different periods were obviously dynamic.