不同干燥方式对稻谷品质的影响

INFLUENCES OF DIFFERENT RICE DRYING METHODS ON ITS QUALITY

用自然晾晒、室内阴干、机械干燥3种我国农村地区常见的稻谷干燥方式对新收获的稻谷进行干燥处理,研究了稻谷干燥后出糙率、整精米率、黄粒米、裂纹粒率、脂肪酸值的变化。结果表明:采用机械干燥明显提高了稻谷的干燥效率和出糙率,有效降低了黄粒米、延缓了脂肪酸值的变化,虽然出现一定程度的裂纹粒率增大、整精米率降低,但其劣变程度仍在合理范围内,符合相关国标要求。利用变异系数法对三种干燥方式下稻谷品质进行综合评分,分值分别为自然晾晒03768、室内阴干04317、机械干燥06677。研究结果表明,机械干燥后稻谷品质明显优于室内阴干和自然晾晒。

The newly harvested rice was dried to study the changes in roughness,whole rice rate,yellow grain rice,cracked grain rate,and fatty acid value,through natural drying,indoor drying,and mechanical drying which is three common rice drying methods in rural areas in our country.The results showed that the use of mechanical drying significantly improves the drying efficiency and roughness of rice,which effectively reduces yellow grain meters and delays the change of fatty acid value.Although there were certain degree of increase in the rate of cracked grains and a decrease in the rate of polished rice,the degree of deterioration is still within a reasonable range and meets the requirements of relevant national standards.Using the coefficient of variation method to comprehensively score the rice quality under the three drying methods,the scores were 0.3768 for natural drying,0.4317 for indoor drying,and 0.6677 for mechanical drying.Studies showed that the quality of rice after mechanical drying is significantly better than indoor drying and natural drying.