中青年主动脉夹层覆膜支架介入病人出院准备度现状及影响因素分析

Analysis of status quo and influencing factors of discharge readiness of young and middle-aged patients undergoing aortic dissection with covered stent implantation

目的:通过探讨中青年主动脉夹层覆膜支架介入病人出院准备现状,剖析其影响因素,以期为提高主动脉夹层病人出院准备度提供理论支撑和现实依据。方法:采用便利抽样法选取2020年6月—2020年12月河南省某三级甲等医院心外科120例主动脉夹层覆膜支架介入病人为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、出院准备度量表(RHDS)、出院指导质量量表(QDTS)、社会支持量表(SSRS)对其进行问卷调查,采用单因素分析、多重线性回归分析探讨中青年主动脉夹层覆膜支架介入病人出院准备的影响因素。结果:120例主动脉夹层覆膜支架介入病人出院准备度得分为(160.19±17.17)分,4个维度得分从高到低依次为可获得的社会支持、院外应对能力、疾病知识、自身状况。Pearson相关性分析显示,中青年主动脉夹层覆膜支架介入病人的出院准备度与出院指导质量、社会支持呈明显正相关(P<0.001)。多重线性逐步回归分析结果显示,是否首发、文化程度、出院指导质量、社会支持是影响中青年主动脉夹层覆膜支架介入病人出院准备度的主要因素(P<0.05)。结论:中青年主动脉夹层覆膜支架介入病人出院准备度处于中等偏上水平,影响中青年主动脉夹层覆膜支架介入病人出院准备度的主要因素有是否首发、文化程度、出院指导质量、社会支持,医护人员应针对影响因素制订相应的应对措施,从而提高病人的出院准备度。

Objective:To investigate the status quo of discharge readiness of young and middle-aged patients undergoing aortic dissection with covered stent implantation, and to analyze the influencing factors, in order to provide theoretical support and practical basis for improving the discharge readiness of patients with aortic dissection.Methods:Convenience sampling method was used to select 120 cases of patients undergoing aortic dissection with covered stent implantation from the department of cardiac surgery of a third grade A hospital in Henan Province from June 2020 to December 2020 as the research objects.General data questionnaire, Readiness for Hospital Discharge Scale(RHDS),Quality of Discharge Teaching Scale(QDTS),Social Support Rating Scale(SSRS) were used to conduct a questionnaire survey.Univariate analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were used to explore the influencing factors of discharge readiness in young and middle-aged patients undergoing aortic dissection with covered stent implantation.Results:The scores of 120 patients undergoing aortic dissection with covered stent implantation were(160.19±17.17).The scores of four dimensions from high to low were available social support, out-of-hospital coping ability, disease knowledge and their own conditions.Pearson correlation analysis showed that the discharge readiness of young and middle-aged patients undergoing aortic dissection with covered stent implantation was significantly positively correlated with the quality of discharge guidance and social support(P<0.001).The results of multiple linear stepwise regression analysis showed that whether the disease is the first to appear, educational level, quality of discharge guidance, and social support were the main factors affecting the discharge readiness of middle-aged and young patients undergoing aortic dissection with covered stent implantation(P<0.05).Conclusions:The discharge readiness of young and middle-aged patients undergoing aortic dissection with covered stent implantation is above the medium level.The main factors influencing the discharge readiness of young and middle-aged patients undergoing aortic dissection with covered stent implantation included whether the disease is the first to appear, education level, quality of discharge guidance, and social support.Medical staff should formulate corresponding countermeasures according to the influencing factors, so as to improve the patient′s discharge readiness.