制造关联:精准扶贫实践中的利益联结与关系再构——从地方政府行为切入

Establishing Connection:Interest Connection and Relationship Reconstruction in the Practice of Targeted Poverty Alleviation——Based on the Investigation of Local Government's Behavior

在精准扶贫实践中,依托企业等市场主体带动贫困户脱贫是中国贫困治理的重要经验。而企业带动贫困户脱贫的关键在于,通过地方政府的主导以及针对企业开展的经济、情感、社会和政治动员,企业与贫困户之间形成了经济、组织、社会互动等层面的新的关联关系,这种关联不仅使得企业与贫困户之间建立了相对紧密的利益联结机制,同时还再构了地方政府、企业与贫困户的关系。通过关联的制造,贫困户被嵌入多类型的产业链条,而企业则通过利益分享促进了贫困户的脱贫。制造关联对扶贫工作的促进能够展现中国政治体制的优势,在此过程中,地方政府充分展现了服务型政府的功能,但该模式下承担脱贫帮带责任的企业也面临多重困境。因此,精准扶贫以及乡村振兴需要关联关系的健康持续发展,而非单向性的利益传递。

In the practice of precision poverty alleviation,relying on enterprises and other market subjects to drive poor households out of poverty is an important experience in China's poverty reduction.What is important about enterprises pushing the poverty alleviation of poor households is that through the government leadership and mobilization of enterprises at economic,emotional,social and political levels,enterprises and farmers form a new economic,organizational and social interaction type of the association.This association not only establishes a relatively close interest connection mechanism between enterprises and poor households,but also reconstructs the relationship between localgovernment,enterprises engaging in poverty alleviation and poor households.Through the setup of such a social relevance,poor households are embedded in many types of industrial chains,while enterprises through benefit-sharing help the poor out of poverty.Through the mobilization of poverty alleviation and the establishment of association,local governments have demonstrated the practice pattern of“associated regime”in the poverty alleviation efforts.It should be noted that setting up relevance to promote poverty alleviation can highlight the advantages of China's political system,and in this process,local governments have also fully demonstrated the function of service-oriented government,but the enterprises which undertake the responsibility for poverty relief under this model face many difficulties.Therefore,precision poverty alleviation and rural revitalization need to be related to the healthy and sustainable development of the relationship,rather than to one-way transmission of benefits.