专利密集型产业的空间集聚特征及演化趋势

Spatial Agglomeration Characteristics and Evolution Trend of Patent-intensive Industries

准确把握我国专利密集型产业的空间集聚特征及演化趋势,为产业合理布局和产业政策制定提供科学依据。采用泰尔熵、地区集中度、空间自相关检验以及标准差椭圆方法,选取10个工业行业作为专利密集型产业的细分行业,基于2013—2017年《中国工业统计年鉴》相关数据,分析我国31个省份专利密集型产业及其细分行业的空间集聚特征及演化趋势。研究结果表明:我国专利密集型产业的集聚水平较高,但细分行业的集聚水平存在明显差异,其中计算机、通信和其他电子设备制造业与仪器仪表制造业属于高度集聚型产业,医药制造业、汽车制造业属于低度集聚型产业,其余6个产业属于中度集聚型产业;空间集聚具有显著的正向相关性,集聚模式以高-高型和低-低型为主,集聚省份分别主要分布在东部和西部地区;区位分布呈东北-西南的空间分布格局,产业中心向西南方向偏移,集聚方向顺时针旋转,西南部地区对专利密集型产业的拉动作用逐渐增强。

This paper aims to accurately grasp the spatial agglomeration characteristics and evolution trend of China’s patent-intensive industries,and provide scientific basis for rational industrial layout and industrial policy formulation.Based on the relevant data from China Industrial Statistical Yearbook from 2013 to 2017,the paper selects ten industrial industries as the subsectors of patent-intensive industries,and uses the Theil entropy,regional concentration degree,spatial autocorrelation test and standard deviational ellipse to analyze the spatial agglomeration characteristics and evolution trend of patent-intensive industries in 31 provinces of China.The results show that:the agglomeration level of China’s patent-intensive industries is relatively high,but there are obvious differences among the subdivided industries;computer,communication and other electronic equipment manufacturing and instrument manufacturing belong to high concentrated industry,pharmaceutical manufacturing and automobile manufacturing belong to low concentrated industry,and the other six industries belong to moderate concentrated industry;the spatial agglomeration of patent-intensive industries shows remarkable positive correlation,its patterns are mainly high-high type and lowlow type,the agglomeration provinces are mainly distributed in the eastern and western regions respectively;the location distribution presents a northeast-southwest spatial pattern,industrial center tends to shift to the southwest,and direction of the ellipse rotates clockwise;the driving effect of southwest region on patent-intensive industries is gradually strengthened.