滁州市某高校女学生乳腺癌预防行为现状及影响因素分析

Current status and influencing factors of breast cancer prevention behaviors of female students in a college of Chuzhou

目的了解滁州市某高校女学生乳腺癌预防行为的现状,并分析乳腺癌预防行为的影响因素,为今后采取有针对性的乳腺癌健康教育及预防行为的干预提供参考。方法选取滁州某高职院校,采用自行制定的调查问卷,按分层整群随机抽样法选取239名女大学生进行调查。结果45.61%的学生接受过乳腺癌知识健康教育,44.77%的学生了解乳房自检,仅17.15%的学生知道乳房自检适合时间,15.90%的学生平时做乳房自检,81.59%的学生发现乳房异常会及时就诊。不同家庭所在地的女生在“接受过乳腺癌知识健康教育”、“了解乳房自检”、“平时做乳房自检”及“发现乳房异常会及时就医”预防行为方面差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同收入家庭的女生在“发现乳房异常会及时就医”预防行为方面差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);母亲文化程度不同的女生在“了解乳房自检”、“发现乳房异常会及时就医”预防行为方面差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同年级的女生“了解乳房自检”、“平时做乳房自检”预防行为差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);是否患过乳腺疾病的女生“了解乳房自检”、“平时做乳房自检”预防行为差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素分析显示,家庭所在地、年级及是否患过乳腺疾病是女大学生乳腺癌预防行为的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论滁州市某高校女学生乳腺癌的认知及乳房自检行为情况不容乐观,高校应加强女生乳腺癌的健康教育,对乳腺癌的预防行为进行有效地干预,促进乳房保健。

Objective To investigate the status of breast cancer prevention behaviors of female students in a college in Chuzhou city and analyze the factors influencing breast cancer prevention behaviors,so as to provide reference for targeted health education and intervention of breast cancer behaviors.Methods This study selected 239 female students from a higher vocational college in Chuzhou by stratified cluster random sampling and surveyed them with a self-developed questionnaire.Results 45.61%of the students used to receive health education of knowledge on breast cancer.44.77%of them knew about breast self-examination,but only 17.15%knew the appropriate time for breast self-examination.15.90%of the students usually performed breast self-examination and 81.59%would timely see a doctor if they found breast abnormalities.The prevention behaviors of girls from families in different locations were significantly different in terms of“having received breast cancer knowledge and health education”,“knowing about breast self-examination”,“performing breast self-examination at ordinary times”and“seeking medical treatment timely when breast abnormality was found”(P<0.05).There was statistically significant difference in terms of“seeking medical treatment timely when breast abnormality was found”among girls from families with different incomes(P<0.05).The girls with mothers of different educational levels had significant difference in terms of“knowing about breast self-examination”and“seeking medical treatment timely when breast abnormality was found”(P<0.05).Girls of different grades had significant differences in terms of“knowing about breast self-examination”and“performing breast self-examination at ordinary times”(P<0.05).There were significant differences in terms of“knowing about breast self-examination”and“performing breast self-examination at ordinary times”between girls who used to suffer breast diseases before and those who did not(P<0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that family location,grade and whether having breast diseases before were important factors influencing breast cancer prevention behaviors of female college students(P<0.05).Conclusion The cognition of breast cancer and breast self-examination behaviors among female students in this college of Chuzhou is not good.Colleges and universities should strengthen the health education of female breast cancer and effectively intervene in breast cancer prevention behaviors so as to promote breast health care.