分散控制系统自主可控技术的发展

Development of autonomous control technology for distributed control system

分散控制系统(DCS)作为火力发电领域的核心控制系统,其软硬件长期严重依赖进口产品,存在重大安全隐患和断供风险。在说明国产品牌DCS发展历程及软硬件国产化现状的基础上,分析了国产化替代对于实现自主可控的必要性,并提出实现DCS国产化并非简单的硬件替代与软件移植,还需重点解决好专用芯片替代、芯片功能缺陷、软硬件适配及综合算力等问题;然后介绍了全国产、自主可控DCS如华能睿渥、华电睿蓝、国能智深、南京科远和浙江中控等发展应用现状,全国产DCS在300、600、1 000 MW等级机组相继投入运行,标志着我国DCS已实现完全自主可控,具备大规模推广应用的条件;最后对国产DCS推广应用中存在问题,如缺少嵌入式低功耗处理器、国产元器件性能存在批次性差异、国产软硬件性价比和供应链安全等进行分析,并提出了相关建议。

Distributed control system(DCS), as the core control system in the field of thermal power generation, its software and hardware have heavily depended on imported products for a long time. And the risk of chip outage brings great hidden dangers to the safety and production of power plants. Based on the study on current situation of DCS software and hardware of domestic brands, this paper analyzes the necessity of localization substitution for realizing independent control, and puts forward that the realization of DCS localization is not just a simple hardware substitution and software transplantation, but should focus on solving the problems of special chip substitution, chip function defects, software and hardware adaptation and comprehensive computing power. The development and application status of full-domestic DCS, such as HN Revival, Huadian Ruilan, Guoneng Zhishen, Nanjing Keyuan and Zhejiang central control technology, is introduced. The autonomous and controllable DCS has been put into operation successively in 300 MW, 600 MW and 1 000 MW units, marking that China’s DCS has achieved complete autonomy and controllability, and has the conditions for large-scale promotion and application. Finally, the paper also analyzes the problems encountered in the promotion and application process, such as lack of embedded lowpower processor, batch differences in the performance of domestic components, the cost performance of domestic software and hardware and supply chain security, and puts forward relevant suggestions.