中国儿童和青少年睡眠缺乏状况的Meta分析

Sleep deprivation in children and adolescents in China: a meta-analysis

目的系统评价2004年至2019年中国儿童和青少年人群睡眠缺乏率。方法计算机检索PubMed、The Cochrane Library、EMbase、Web of Science、CBM、CNKI和WanFang Data数据库,搜集有关中国儿童和青少年睡眠缺乏率的横断面研究,检索时限均从建库至2021年7月15日。由2位评价员独立筛选文献、提取资料并评价纳入研究的偏倚风险后,采用Stata 15.0软件进行Meta分析。结果共纳入45个横断面研究,总样本量为769918人,睡眠缺乏报告人数为587457人。Meta分析结果显示,中国儿童和青少年的睡眠缺乏率为61%[95%CI(55%,68%)]。亚组分析结果显示,女生睡眠缺乏率为62%,男生为59%。初中组睡眠缺乏率为84%,高中组为80%,小学组为64%。华南、西南、西北、华北、华东和华中地区的睡眠缺乏检出率分别为68%、62%、61%、57%、57%和54%。以《中小学生一日学习时间卫生要求》为标准的睡眠缺乏检出率最高为74%[95%CI(70%,79%)]。按调查发表时间的累积Meta分析结果显示睡眠缺乏率自2011年逐步稳定并接近60%。结论现有证据表明,中国儿童青少年睡眠缺乏率较高。受纳入研究的数量和质量限制,上述结论尚待更多高质量研究予以验证。

Objective To systematically review the rate of sleep deprivation in children and adolescents in China from 2004 to 2019.Methods PubMed,The Cochrane Library,EMbase,Web of Science,CBM,CNKI and WanFang Data databases were searched to collect cross-sectional studies on the sleep deprivation rate of children and adolescents in China from inception to July 15^(th),2021.Two researchers independently screened literature,extracted data and evaluated the risk of bias of the included studies.Meta-analysis was then performed by using Stata 15.0 software.Results A total of 45 cross-sectional studies were included,with a total sample size of 769918 participants,of whom 587457 reported sleep deprivation.The results of meta-analysis showed that the sleep deprivation rate of Chinese children and adolescents was 61%(95%CI 55%to 68%).Subgroup analysis indicated that the sleep deprivation rates were 62%for female children and 59%for male children.The rate was 84%in junior high school,80%in high school and 64%in primary school.The rates in south China,southwest China,northwest China,north China,east China and central China were 68%,62%,61%,57%,57%and 54%,respectively.The rate of sleep deficiency based on"health requirements for daily study time of primary and junior school students"was the highest at 74%(95%CI 70%to 79%).The cumulative meta-analysis by time showed that the sleep deprivation rate had gradually stabilized and approached 60%since 2011.Conclusion Current evidence shows that the sleep deprivation rate of Chinese children and adolescents is high.Due to the limited quality and quantity of included studies,more high-quality studies are needed to verify the above conclusion.