子代主导:农村青年早婚新类型及其风险--基于贵州C村的调研

Offspring Dominance as New Types and Risks of Early Marriage of Rural Youth:Based on the Investigation of C Village in Guizhou

21世纪以来,农村早婚现象重新变得普遍。不同于华中地区出现的父母主导型早婚,西南地区形成子代主导型早婚,即早婚的发生主要取决于子代个体,父代在其中更多发挥兜底作用,具有女性为主、自由恋爱和未婚先孕的特点。这类早婚是现代婚恋自由文化与传统代际关系结构共同作用的结果。低度代际责任和有限代际依赖为农村青年创造了婚恋自由空间,是子代主导型早婚形成的结构性原因。子代主导型早婚在给予青年充分婚恋自由的情况下,由于缺乏规范约束产生出离婚风险较高、儿童抚育隔代化增加和父代家庭负担加重等问题。农村早婚现象的重返表明农村青年婚姻秩序从传统向现代的转型过程中具有风险性,需要针对家庭和个体加强青年婚恋教育。

Since the 21st century,the phenomenon of early marriage in rural areas has become common again.Different from the parent dominated early marriage in the central region,the child dominated early marriage has formed in the southwest region,namely,the occurrence of early marriage mainly depends on the individual marriage and love behavior of the child,in which the father plays a more bottom line role,with the characteristics of women dominated,free love and unmarried pregnancy.This kind of early marriage is the result of the joint action of modern marriage and love free culture and traditional intergenerational relationship structure.Low intergenerational responsibility and limited intergenerational dependence create a free space for marriage and love for rural youth,which is the structural reason for the formation of offspring dominated early marriage.Although children dominance in early marriage gives young people full freedom of marriage and love,due to the lack of normative constraints,it has risk problems such as higher risk of divorce,increased intergenerational child care,and increased burdens on parents’families,etc.The return of early marriages in rural areas shows that there is a risk in the transition process of rural youth marriage order from traditional to modern,and it is necessary to strengthen youth marriage education for families and individuals.