枫香观赏新品种‘金钰’扦插繁育试验

Study on Cutting Propagation and Quality Evaluation of A New Cultivar of Liquidambar formosana′Jinyu′

为规模化培育枫香新品种‘金钰’扦插苗,从不同扦插基质、植物生长调节剂、扦插时间、穗条部位4个方面开展‘金钰’扦插繁育试验,并调查分析不同部位穗条的扦插苗移植当年到第3年的生长情况。结果表明:以黄心土+珍珠岩(体积比1∶1)为基质扦插的生根率和生根指数较好,生根率为68.22%,生根指数35.92;植物生长调节剂对枫香‘金钰’扦插生根有明显促进作用,以IBA+NAA(质量比1∶1)500 mg·L^(-1)处理插穗30 min的生根表现最好,生根质量最佳,生根率可达75.78%,平均生根数8.93条,平均根长7.06 cm,生根指数47.79;6月中旬扦插的生根率、平均生根数、平均根长和生根指数均显著高于3月、9月扦插;嫁接基部萌条扦插的生根表现和生根质量最好。不同部位穗条扦插苗移植当年到第3年的苗高、地径、新梢生长量均有显著差异,以嫁接基部萌条扦插的苗木表现最好。

In order to get the seedlings of a new cultivar of Liquidambar formosana′Jinyu′through mass cutting propagation rapidly,an experiment was carried out to study the effects of different cutting substrates,exogenous plant growth regulators and their concentrations,cutting seasons and collecting positions of cuttings on rooting of cuttings.The quality of cutting seedlings in the initial 3 years after transplanting with cuttings from different parts of mother trees was also studied.Results showed that yellow soil+perlite at a proportion of 1∶1(V/V)was an optimal soil substrate with good rooting rate and rooting index,in which the rooting rate reached 68.22%and rooting index was 35.92.Exogenous plant growth regulators had a significant promoting effect on rooting of cuttings,the best rooting effect was obtained in treating the cuttings with 500 mg·L^(-1)IBA+NAA at a proportion of 1∶1(M/M)for 30 min,the rooting rate was 75.78%,the average root number,length,and rooting index were 8.93,7.06 cm,and 47.79,respectively.The rooting rate,average root number,length,and rooting index of cuttings in mid-June were significant higher than those in March and September.The best rooting effect was obtained in cuttings of branches from grafting base.There were significant differences in height,stem-diameter and height increment between different cuttings parts of mother trees in the initial 3 years,in which cuttings of branches from grafting base had the best performance.