A sustainable, ultratough, and ready-to-use adhesive heating patch driven by solar/electric dual energy

Developing a versatile and durable photothermal coating is of great interest for the future large-scale utilization of abundant solar energy.However,existing photothermal coatings that rely on the assembly of rigid solar absorbing nano-materials have often limitations in both mechanical robustness and multienergy coupling for sustainable heating.Here,we report a ready-to-use and ultratough adhesive heating patch with the integrated abilities of photo-/electrothermal conversion and damage self-diagnosis.The patch is composed of interconnected carbon microfibers filtrated with photo-curable self-adhesive resin that can readily stick on the substrate,and postcuring rapidly toughens the patch resulting in high mechanical toughness(9.1 MJ/m^(3)),high electrical conductivity(5 S/cm),strongadhesion(0.7-4.6MPa),as well as high solar-thermal conversion(∼85.3%)and Joule heating(81.6◦C/W)efficiencies.To demonstrate its application,the adhered patch on oil pipelines can rapidly reduce the viscosity of heavy crude oil to∼100Pa s under the action of solar radiation or Joule heating,allowing for oil’s easy flow in pipelines in all-weather and,thus,alleviating the use of expensive fired heaters at heating stations.