集体林地“三权分置”的困境与出路——以湖南郴州林区为例

Predicament and Countermeasures of the"Separation of Three Rights"for Collective Woodland——Taking Chenzhou Forest Region in Hunan Province as an Example

湖南省是我国南方重点林区之一,郴州林区又是湖南林区的四大主干地之一。当前郴州林区林农正面临“守住了绿水青山却收不到金山银山”的困境。破解当前林地经营困局的良方是全面推行“三权分置”。全面推行“三权分置”却又面临着统一规制难、统一认识难、相互间利益协调难的问题,成因是集体组织主体功能缺失、基层政府和相关部门管理简单低效等。走出当前困境的出路在于强化集体组织主体功能,并主持林地“三权分置”工作;建立新信息数字平台并换发附有电子图的新型林权证;建立林权交易平台和林权纠纷化解平台。

Chenzhou forest region is one of the four main regions in Hunan Province which is one of the important forest areas in Southern China.Currently,the region is facing the dilemma of"keeping the green water and mountains without receiving gold or silver mountains".The way to solve the dilemma is to carry out the"Separation of Three Rights".However,the full implementation of the"Separation of Three Rights"is also enduring difficulties such as unified regulation,unified understanding and mutual interest coordination.The reasons are the lack of the main function of the collective organization,the poor management of the government or relevant departments and so forth.The countermeasures are as follows:to strengthen the main function of the collective organization,to realize"Separation of Three Rights",to establish a new information digital platform by renewing the forest rights certificate with electronic map,and to establish a forest rights trading platform and a forest rights dispute resolution platform.