试论张九龄诗歌的禅意

The Zen Meaning in Zhang Jiuling’s Poetry

张九龄诗歌籍山水田园自然景色感怀际遇,抒发曲折际遇中难行能行的禅心,春风得意时的山水纪行诗充满“清”、“澹”禅意,曲折际遇时的感怀诗饱含“九龄风度”的禅定。张九龄诗歌的禅意不是宗教性的,而是一种“自性清净、不粘不滞”的思想;是对“据于儒,依于老,逃于禅”的人生模式的反映;是一种稳定和优化内心的手段。张九龄诗歌的禅意既兼顾了诗歌的审美境界,又充实并深化了诗歌的感情,是对生命禅观照、内化后的表达,充满生命禅意。

Zhang Jiuling’s poetry focuses on the natural scenery of the pastoral landscape and the recall with emotions from the favourable or unfavourable turns in life,expressing the Zen(meditative)mind that is difficult to achieve in the twists and turns.The poems are about landscape travel in the spring breeze which are full of meditative meanings of“clear”and“calm”,while the poems of grievances and relegation after the twists and turns are full of the meditation of“Jiuling’s demeanor”.The Zen(meditative)meaning in Zhang Jiuling’s poems is not religious,but a kind of thought of“purity of self,non-stickiness and stagnation”;it is a reflection of the life model of“according to Confucianism,relying on the elders,and escaping from Zen”;it is a mean to stabilize and optimize the heart.The Zen meaning in Zhang Jiuling’s poems not only takes into account the aesthetic realm of the poetry,but also enriches and deepens the feelings of the poetry.It is his internalized expression to the conception of life with Zen,and it is full of Zen meaning in life.