数字时代个人信息保护与收集使用的法益衡平路径探析

Study on the Legal Equitable Path of Personal Information Protection and Collection and Use in the Digital Age

大数据应用所催生的虚拟空间的交往,需经企业收集、处理、使用个人信息而成立。在此过程中,个人与企业间不可避免地存在利益冲突。基于路径依赖,既成法律往往预设“私权神圣”立场,教条地适用目的限制原则,严格限制企业对个人信息的收集使用,把个人信息当作绝对利益加以保护。长远来看,拒绝将企业对个人信息的收集使用与个人信息保护做正当利益衡量,反而不利于技术进步与虚拟空间本身的发展。对《中华人民共和国个人信息保护法》第六条进行合目的解释可知,应对个人信息去除绝对性预设:在个人信息的应然分类下,保护个人敏感信息之余,可允许企业对个人非敏感信息进行收集使用,并在有限条件下适度突破,以构造关于个人信息收集与使用的法益衡平保护理念与路径。

The virtual space communication generated by the application of“big data”needs to be established through the collection,processing and use of personal information by enterprises.In this process,there are inevitable conflicts of interest between individuals and enterprises.Based on path dependence,existing laws often apply the principle of purpose limitation dogmatically,strictly restrict the collection and use of personal information by enterprises,and regard personal information as absolute interests.In the long run,refusing to measure the collection and use of personal information and the protection of personal information as legitimate interests is not conducive to technological progress and the development of virtual space itself.The interpretation of Article 6 of the“Personal Information Protection Law of the People’s Republic of China”shows that absolute presuppositions should be removed from personal information:under the proper classification of personal information,in addition to protecting sensitive personal information,enterprises may be allowed to collect and use non-sensitive information,and moderate breakthroughs can be made under limited conditions to construct a legal equitable protection path for the collection and use of personal information.