大学生兼职影响其学业成绩吗?--来自元分析的证据

Does Part-Time Job of College Students Affect Academic Achievements?Evidence from A Meta-Analysis

大学生兼职是否影响学业成绩存在竞争性理论假设、相互矛盾的实证结果。本文运用元分析循证方法,基于32项有效研究,涉及57个效应量和55973个样本,尝试解释这些相互矛盾的结论。结果表明:总体而言,兼职和学业成绩存在较弱冲突效应(r=-0.083);具体来看,与本专业相关的兼职能提高大学生学业成绩,每周10小时以内兼职也能助益成绩提升,但超出此阈值,兼职时间越长,学业成绩下滑越明显。鉴于此,高等院校需要重视吸引工作取向型的学生重新投入学习,并且引导学生选择与专业紧密相关的高质量兼职并适度配置兼职时间,从而削弱兼职投入对学业成绩的负面影响。

There are competitive hypotheses and contradictory empirical results on whether college students'part-time jobs affect their academic performance.Based on 32 valid studies involving 57 effect sizes and 55,973 samples,using the meta-analysis method,this study attempts to explain the contradictory results.The results showed that,in general,there was a weak conflict effect between having part-time jobs and academic achievement(r=-0.083).However,part-time jobs that were related to college students’majors would improve their academic performance;Working less than 10 hours a week was also associated with higher grades,above which the longer the working hours were,the greater the decline in academic performance.In conclusion,universities should attract job oriented students to re-engage in the study,and motivate students to choose high-quality part-time jobs closely related to their majors and appropriately allocate time spent in part-time jobs to weaken the negative impact of part-time jobs on academic performance.