《历险记》中的“天定持家观”解析

The Interpretation of“Manifest Domesticity”in Adventure

《历险记》是杰克·伦敦最具种族主义思想的长篇小说,成书于美国边疆封闭、海外扩张之际。作品通过对琼·拉克兰的形象塑造,为殖民历险叙事开辟了全新的社会性别空间,彰显了美国新女性在稳定殖民地“家园”、建构民族话语中发挥的“天定持家”作用,再现“天定持家观”的资本扩张本质。借助罗曼司叙事,作品暗示帝国主义国家共同“持家”、形成有效的殖民统治模式,引领读者对南太平洋地缘政治的关注热情。《历险记》对于研究伦敦社会主义、种族主义、民族主义等思想的杂糅性,探讨美国海外扩张与“进步”思想的悖论关系具有深远意义。

Adventure has been regarded as Jack London's most racist novel.It was written at the time when America had declared the closure of its frontier and launched overseas expansion.By shaping the image of Joan Lackland,Adventure opens up new gender space for colonial adventure narrative,highlights the domesticity role of the New Woman in stabilizing colonial“home”and constructing national discourse,and represents the essence of capital expansion of“Manifest Domesticity”.With the help of romance narration,Adventure implies the effective colonial ruling model shared by imperialist countries,leading readers to pay attention to the geopolitics of South Pacific.Adventure is of far-reaching significance for studying the hybridity of London's ideas of socialism,racism and nationalism,and exploring the paradoxical relationship between American overseas expansion and its“progressive”ideas.