贵阳市50岁及以上体检人群骨质疏松症的检出率和影响因素分析

Detection rate and influencing factors of osteoporosis in people older≥50 years old in Guiyang

目的探讨贵阳市50岁及以上体检人群中骨质疏松症(OP)的检出率和影响因素。方法选取贵阳市年龄≥50岁的男性(n=1209)和自然停经超过12个月(绝经后)女性(n=838)健康体检者,收集年龄、性别、血压、身高、体质量、体质量指数(BMI)等一般情况;抽取被检者晨间空腹静脉血5 mL,采用全自动生化分析仪检测总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、尿酸(SUA)、同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)等生化指标;采用双能X线骨密度仪(DXA)检测被检者的骨密度(BMD)并分级(正常BMD、骨量减少及OP);采用无序多分类logistic回归分析健康体检者发生OP的影响因素。结果绝经后中老年女性OP检出率高于中老年男性(χ^(2)=208.637,P<0.05),年龄≥70岁组健康体检者OP检出率高于年龄50~59岁组和60~69岁组(χ^(2)=63.698,P<0.05);骨量减少组和OP组被检者身高、体质量、BMI、舒张压、TC、TG、SUA、HDL-C及LDL-C水平比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄、舒张压(OR=1.073、1.020,P<0.05)是被检者OP发生的危险因素,体质量和SUA(OR=0.728、0.998,P<0.05)是OP的保护因素。结论贵阳市50岁及以上体检人群中绝经后女性OP检出率高于男性,年龄及舒张压是该人群OP发生的危险因素,尿酸水平及体质量是OP的保护因素。

Objective To explore the detection rate and influencing factors of osteoporosis(OP)in people aged≥50 in Guiyang.Methods Men older≥50 years old(n=1209)in Guiyang and women who had stopped for physical check-ups for more than 12 months(n=838)were selected,and general data such as age,gender,blood pressure,height,body quality,and body quality index(BMI)were collected.The morning 5 mL fasting venous blood was extracted by a fully automated biochemical analyzer for total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),uric acid(SUA),and homocycysteine(Hcy).Bone density(BMD)was measured using a double-energy X linear bone densitometer(DXA)and graded(normal BMD,bone mass reduced and OP).The factors of OP were analyzed according to the disorder multi-classified logistic regression.Results The OP detection rate was higher in postmenopausal middle-aged and elderly women than in middle-aged and elderly men(χ^(2)=208.637,P<0.05).The OP detection rate was higher in subjects greater than or equal to 70 years than in the group of 50-59 and 60-69 years old(χ^(2)=63.698,P<0.05).The height,body mass,BMI,diastolic blood pressure,TC,TG,SUA,HDL-C,and LDL-C levels were compared in the reduced bone mass and OP groups,and the differences were all statistically significant(P<0.05).logistic regression analysis revealed that age,diastolic blood pressure(OR=1.073,1.020;P<0.05)were risk factors for the occurrence of OP in the subjects,and body mass and SUA(OR=0.728,0.998;P<0.05)were protective factors for OP.Conclusion The OP detection rate of postmenopausal middle-aged and older women in Guiyang is higher than that of middle-aged and elderly men.Age and diastolic blood pressure are the risk factors for OP occurrence in this population,and uric acid level and body quality are the protective factors of OP.