中国慈善史研究的学术检视与思考

Academic Review and Thinking on the Study of Chinese Charity History

中国慈善史作为史学研究的分支,是近代以来学科体系确立和细化的产物。民国时期中国慈善史研究并未成长为一门史学分支,而是依附于荒政史和救济史等领域。改革开放后,中国慈善史研究顺时应势成长为社会史研究的重要分支并渐成学术体系,迄今已有40余年的发展历程。现有中国慈善史研究成效显著:文献整理取得突破;研究范围开阔多样;史学诠释创新发展;人才队伍壮大并交流频繁;港澳台及海外华人学界研究论著迭出;国外学界研究成果喜人。但当前中国慈善史研究有进一步深化与突破的空间,可从如下三方面着力:弥补中国慈善史现有研究的薄弱与阙如;形成一个贯通古今中外的中国慈善史研究体系;确立历史研究为现实社会服务的责任意识,推动慈善史研究成果的转化及运用。

The history of Chinese charity as a branch of historical research is the product of the establishment and refinement of the disciplinary system since modern times.The research on the history of charity during the period of the Republic of China did not grow into a branch of the history,but was dependent on the history of famine and relief.After the reform and opening up policy,the study of Chinese charity history has grown into an important branch of social history research and gradually become an academic system,which has been developing for more than 40 years.The current research on the history of Chinese charity has achieved remarkable achievements:breakthroughs have been made in the collation of historical documents;the specific fields of research have been widen and divesed;the historical interpretation has been innovatively developed accordingly;the talent teams have been grown and the academic exchanges are frequent;indigenous scholars from Hong Kong,Macao,Taiwan and overseas Chinese scholars have very rich produce;overseas research results are encouraging.However,there are space for further deepening and breakthroughs in the current research on the history of Chinese charity which can be focused on the following three aspects:firstly,to make up for the weakness and absence of existing research on the history of Chinese charity;secondly,to form a through ancient and modern Chinese charity history research system;thirdly,to establish the sense of responsibility of historical research to serve the actual society,and to promote the transformation and application of research results of charitable history.