水下航行器尾流数值仿真和特征分析

Numerical Simulation and Analysis of Wake Flow of Underwater Vehicles

为研究水下航行器尾流特征的影响因素。文中借助圆柱绕流模型对尾流进行了数值仿真分析,基于计算流体力学中的大涡模型,通过二维和三维的数值仿真分析了航行器与入口间距、航行环境深度和航行器直径对尾流特征的影响。仿真结果表明:航行器与入口之间的距离越大,受冲击流的影响,尾流横向分散且分离处扩散的面积增加,尾流的速度减小;航行器航行深度对水下航行器附近的尾流影响较小,尾流速度随深度增加而快速衰减;航行器直径越大,尾流“卡门涡街”特征越明显,对周围流体的速度分布影响范围越大,尾流的速度增加。

The paper studies the factors influencing wake flow of underwater vehicles.A cylindrical flow model was used to simulate and analyze wake flow.Based on CFD,the effects of the distance between the cylinder and the inlet,water depth,and cylinder diameter on wake flow were analyzed through 2D and 3D numerical simulation.The results show that the wake diffusion area increases and the wake velocity decreases with the increase in distance.Water depth has little effect on wake flow,but the wake velocity decreases with the increase in water depth.The larger the diameter of the vehicle is,the more obvious“Karman vortex street”feature the wake has,the greater the influence on the velocity distribution of fluid flow around is,and the higher the wake velocity is.