GEO超大口径相机遮光板与卫星姿态控制联合设计

Joint Design of Light Shield and Satellite Attitude Control for GEO Super Large Aperture Camera

针对GEO超大口径光学遥感相机强光保护的技术难题,提出相机遮光板和卫星姿态控制联合设计方法.采取有限特征点离散化分析方法评估不同太阳光入射角下的遮挡效果,针对GEO轨道太阳高度角年变化的特点,提出通过卫星姿态偏航机动减小遮光板尺寸的方法,建模推导得到不同太阳高度角条件下的最优偏航偏置角度的解析解,得到年变化的卫星姿态偏航偏置导引律.根据最优偏航偏置角度,结合相机内遮光罩尺寸,计算得到最优遮光板尺寸和折弯角度,提出每轨包含三次姿态机动的八段式太阳规避姿态控制策略,实现地球静止轨道光照条件下的超大口径光学相机强光保护.经仿真验证,卫星的在轨可用率不低于77%,保证了卫星在轨应用效能.

Aiming at the technical problem of light protection for GEO super large aperture optical remote sensing camera, a joint design method of camera baffle and satellite attitude control is proposed. The discrete analysis method of limited feature points is adopted to intuitively obtain the occlusion effect under different sunlight incidence angles. According to the characteristics of annual variation of solar altitude angle in GEO orbit, the method of reducing the size of baffle via satellite attitude yaw maneuver is proposed. The optimization objective function is established to obtain the optimal attitude maneuver angle under different solar altitude angles. The annual variation of satellite attitude yaw guidance law is obtained by polynomial fitting. According to the optimal yaw maneuver angle, combined with the size of the inner hood of the camera, the optimal baffle size and bending angle are calculated. An eight-stage solar evasion attitude control strategy with attitude maneuvers three times per orbit is proposed to realize the strong light protection of the super large aperture optical camera under the illumination of geostationary orbit. The simulation results show that the on-orbit availability of the satellite is not less than 77%, which ensures the on-orbit application efficiency of the satellite.