高中生综合素质评价实施的公平性风险及其规避

The Fairness Risk and Its Circumvention in the Implementation of Comprehensive Quality Evaluation of Senior High School Students

高中生综合素质评价能否达成公正、平等,是其有效纳入高考体系的关键性前提。然而,利益相关者多元诉求的差异性、部分评价指标对教育资源具有高依赖性、不同维度在招录时不具可比性、定级与互评主观性强、不同学校的同一等级或分数结果具有差异性等,凸显了高中生综合素质评价实施的公平性风险。公平性风险的发生机理包括社会诚信不足、惩防及监督机制不健全、评价方案不完善、主体功利性的倾向等。如需有效规避公平性风险,就要呼唤评价伦理回归,达成社会共识;完善制度规则体系,建立评价法治体系;将两种评价进行有机衔接与差别化使用;引导教育资源向农村地区适当倾斜;引入第三方教育评价,协调各方利益。

Whether the comprehensive quality evaluation of high school students can achieve justice and equality is the key premise for it to be effectively incorporated into the college entrance examination system.However,different stakeholders have different demands,part of the evaluation index highly relies on education resources,different review dimensions have no comparable standards,grading and mutual review is full of strong subjectivity,different schools have different rank or score results,and all of which highlights the high risk.of fairness for the comprehensive evaluation policy implementation.The mechanism of fairness risk includes lack of social integrity,imperfect punishment and supervision mechanism,imperfect evaluation scheme and utilitarian tendency of the subject.In order to avoid the fairness risk of high school students’comprehensive evaluation,it is necessary to call for the evaluation ethics and reach social consensus.We should perfect rule system,establish evaluation legal system.The two kinds of comprehensive evaluation should have organic connection and different use.Educational resources and guidance should be appropriately tilted to rural areas.Third party education evaluation should be introduced to coordinate the interests of all parties.