基于布谷鸟搜索优化带增益分数阶PID的电子节气门控制

Optimization of electronic throttle with gain fractional PID control based on cuckoo search algorithm

怠速启停系统在一定程度上解决了汽车尾气排放问题,但在交通拥堵状态下该系统会频繁工作,电子节气门必须具有更好的动态响应特性以适应该情况。考虑电子节气门的非线性环节,设计一种带增益分数阶PID的控制器。针对依赖于人工优化分数阶PID控制参数的问题,基于布谷鸟搜索(Cuckoo Search,CS)算法,提出能够自适应优化控制参数的策略,以降低电子节气门的响应时间和超调量。仿真结果表明,在频繁怠速启停过程中,与未控电子节气门响应特性相比,在经过CS算法优化后的带增益分数阶PID控制下,系统在急刹车过程中响应时间减小0.380 s,超调量降低10.03%。在低速状态下匀加减速过程中,响应时间减小0.377 s,超调量降低25.28%。

Idle start-stop system solves the problem of automobile exhaust emission to some extent,but in the state of traffic congestion,the system will work frequently,and the electronic throttle must have better dynamic response characteristics to adapt.Considering the nonlinear link of electronic throttle,a controller with gain fractional PID was designed.In order to reduce the response time and overshoot of the electronic throttle,an adaptive control parameter optimization strategy was proposed based on the Cuckoo Search(CS)algorithm to solve the problem that depend on the artificial optimization of fractional PID control parameters.The simulation results show that in the process of frequent idle start and stop,compared with the response characteristics of uncontrolled electronic throttle,the response time and overshoot of the system in the process of sudden braking are reduced by 0.380 s and 10.03%under the control of fractional PID with gain optimized by CS algorithm.In the process of uniform acceleration and deceleration at low speed,the response time decreases by 0.377 s and the overshoot decreases by 25.28%.