陶瓷填料对硅橡胶复合材料性能的影响

The effects of ceramic fillers on properties of silicone rubber composites

选择玻璃粉和云母粉作为陶瓷填料添加到硅橡胶中,制备了可陶瓷化硅橡胶复合材料,并研究了80份陶瓷填料及玻璃粉与云母粉比例对硅橡胶的力学性能、阻燃性能、热稳定性和陶瓷化性能的影响。结果表明:陶瓷填料对硅橡胶复合材料的力学性能影响较大,添加30份玻璃粉和50份云母粉时拉伸强度最大可达到5.96 MPa,断裂伸长率为421.3%;添加陶瓷填料能改善复合材料的阻燃性能,当添加20份玻璃粉和60份云母粉时极限氧指数最大为28.4;陶瓷填料的添加大幅度降低了复合材料的初始热分解温度和最大热分解温度,明显提高了高温残炭率,明显改善了复合材料的高温陶瓷化性能。玻璃粉与云母粉的比例对复合材料的力学性能、阻燃性能和热稳定性影响不大;随着玻璃粉比例的增大,复合材料高温陶瓷化后形成陶瓷体的结构更为致密,三点弯曲强度也随之增大,最大值为15.53 MPa。

Ceramicizable silicone rubber composites are prepared with glass powder and mica powder as ceramic fillers.The effects of 80 parts of ceramic fillers and the ratio of glass powder and mica powder on the mechanical properties, flame retardancy, thermal stability and ceramic properties of silicone rubber were. The results show that the ceramic filler has a great influence on the mechanical properties of silicone rubber composites. The maximum tensile strength of composites is 5.96MPa and the elongation at break is 421.3% with the loading of30 phr glass powder and 50 phr mica powder. The flame retardancy of composites are improved with the addition of ceramic fillers. The maximum LOI value of composites is 28.4 while 20phr glass powder and 60 phr mica powder are added. The addition of ceramic fillers significantly reduced the initial and maximum thermal decomposition temperatures of the composites while increased the residues at high temperature. The ceramic properties of the composites are significantly improved at high temperature. The ratio of glass powder to mica powder has a few effects on the mechanical properties, flame retardancy and thermal stability of the composites. As the increase of the loading of glass powder, the structure of the ceramics are more compact, the three-point bending strength of ceramics also increase and the maximum value is 15.53 MPa.