张家港市老年人群高血压及高血压前期流行病学特征及与合并症的关联

Association between hypertension,pre-hypertension and its comorbidities among elderly population in Zhangjiagang City

目的了解张家港市老年人群高血压及高血压前期分布特征,探讨与高血压合并症的关联。方法收集2020年张家港市老年人体检数据和同年心脑血管报告数据,提取其中有完整生化数据的≥65岁老年人群信息,对高血压及高血压前期与高血压合并症间的关联性进行分析。结果共纳入≥65岁老人139 599人,高血压患病率为47.89%,高血压前期患病率为40.67%;高血压患病率男性(45.03%)低于女性(50.31%),高血压前期患病率男性(42.37%)高于女性(39.24%),差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)值分别为387.33、140.21,P值均<0.01)。随年龄增长,高血压患病率呈逐渐升高趋势(χ_(趋势)^(2)=327.66,P<0.01),高血压前期患病率呈逐渐下降趋势(χ_(趋势)^(2)=123.89,P<0.01)。校正年龄等相关影响因素后,糖尿病(OR=1.60,95%CI:1.52~1.68;OR=1.36,95%CI:1.29~1.44)、肥胖(OR=1.99,95%CI:1.86~2.13;OR=1.39,95%CI:1.30~1.49)能增加高血压和高血压前期患病风险,血脂异常(OR=1.09,95%CI:1.04~1.13)能增加高血压前期患病风险(P值均<0.05)。结论张家港市≥65岁老年人群高血压及高血压前期普遍流行,应开展相关社区健康管理,减少高血压的发生发展趋势。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of hypertension and pre-hypertension in elderly population in Zhangjiagang City;to explore the relationship between hypertension,pre-hypertension and its comorbidities.Methods The physical examination data of the elderly residents and the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular data reported in Zhangjiagang City in 2020 were collected.The information of subjects aged at least 65 years old with complete biochemical data was extracted.The correlation between hypertension,pre-hypertension and hypertension comorbidities was analyzed.Results A total of 139 599 residents aged at least 65 years old were included in the study;the prevalence rates of hypertension and pre-hypertension were 47.89% and 40.67%,respectively.The male had lower hypertension prevalence rate(45.03%) and higher pre-hypertention rate(42.37%) than female(50.31% and 39.24%,respectively),the differences were statistically significant(χ^(2)=387.33 and 140.21,all P<0.01).With the increase of age,the prevalence rate of hypertension increased gradually(χ_(trend)^(2)=327.66,P<0.01),and the prevalence rate of pre-hypertension decreased gradually(χ_(trend)^(2)=123.89,P<0.01).After adjusting for age and other related factors,diabetes(OR=1.60,95%CI 1.52-1.68;OR=1.36,95%CI:1.29-1.44) and obesity(OR=1.99,95%CI:1.86-2.13;OR=1.39,95%CI:1.30-1.49) increased both hypertension and pre-hypertension risks;while dyslipidemia(OR=1.09,95%CI:1.04-1.13) increased pre-hypertension risk(all P<0.05).Conclusion The prevalence of hypertension and pre-hypertension are common in the elderly population aged 65 and above in Zhangjiagang City.Community health management should be carried out to reduce the development of hypertension.