宋代“荷叶形器”艺术形式及流行原因考析

On the Art Form and Popularity of Lotus Leaf Shape Instrument in Song Dynasty

"荷叶"是宋代饮食、梳妆、文房及焚香等器具设计中较为流行的造型元素,反映了宋人对于自然、质朴的器物设计美学追求。通过对宋代"荷叶形器"的梳理与比较,发现其艺术形式虽然各式各样,但大致不离写实、简化变形及程式三种类型。"荷叶"之民俗寓意在宋代进一步深化、文人对"荷叶"及"荷叶形器"的喜爱与推崇,以及不同工艺器物设计之间相互仿借的造物风习,是促成"荷叶形器"在宋代得以流行的关键因素。除此,"荷叶形器"的流行也与宋代仿生形器型的流行有一定关联。

Lotus leaf is a popular modeling element in the design of utensils and appliances such as diet, dressing, study and incense in the Song Dynasty, which has reflected the song people’s aesthetic pursuit for natural and plain implements design. After sorting, combing and comparing lotus leaf shape instrument in Song Dynasty, this paper finds that although the art forms are various, they are mainly composed of three types, realism, simplified deformation and program. The folk-custom implication of lotus leaf has been further deepened in the Song Dynasty, the literati’s love and admiration for Lotus leaf and Lotus leaf shape device, also the creation customs copied by different craft and object designs are the key factors that contributed to this popularity. In addition, the popularity of lotus leaf shape device is also related to the popularity of bionic shape device in Song Dynasty.