固态单自旋量子控制研究进展

Recent progress of quantum control in solid-state single-spin systems

在量子物理领域的研究中,量子控制是必不可少的.精确高效的量子控制,是利用量子系统进行实验研究的前提,也是量子计算、量子传感等应用的基础.金刚石氮-空位色心作为固态自旋体系在室温下相干时间长,可用光学方法实现初始化和读出,通过微波射频场能实现普适的量子控制,是研究量子物理的优秀实验平台.本文从量子控制出发介绍金刚石氮-空位色心体系在量子物理领域取得的代表性成果,主要讨论了1)金刚石氮-空位色心的物理性质和量子控制原理,2)氮-空位色心的退相干机制,3)单自旋量子控制的相关应用及最近的研究进展.

In the field of quantum physics,quantum control is essential.Precise and efficient quantum control is a prerequisite for the experimental research using quantum systems,and it is also the basis for applications such as in quantum computing and quantum sensing.As a solid-state spin system,the nitrogen-vacancy(NV)center in diamond has a long coherence time at room temperature.It can be initialized and read out by optical methods,and can achieve universal quantum control through the microwave field and radio frequency fields.It is an excellent experimental platform for studying quantum physics.In this review,we introduce the recent results of quantum control in NV center and discuss the following parts:1)the physical properties of the NV center and the realization method of quantum control,2)the decoherence mechanism of the NV center spin qubit,and 3)the application of single-spin quantum control and relevant research progress.