魏晋时期江西漆器研究

Study on jiangxi lacquerware in Wei and Jin Dynasties

江西出土魏晋时期的漆器是研究两汉至南北朝绘画技法、风格演变的重要材料。随着官营漆器行业的萎缩,江西私坊漆器制作繁荣,商品化气息浓厚。受文人意识渗透,江西漆器追求尚巧、致用的审美标准,漆绘作品呈现出张扬的个人意气,整体装饰风格由图案化向绘画性过渡。人物造型受职业画家和士人绘画影响,精思巧密,展现出生动、洒脱的气质;描绘中构图严谨,善于借用绘画粉本,利用象征性的图像符号来交代人物身份,推动故事情节发展,从而保持了故事内容的整体性与可读性,漆绘的装饰性、绘画性、可叙事性、情节性共存,画面空间的营造以及视觉元素的丰富较之前代都有长足进步,描绘对象的多样性和差异性得到了前所未有的重视,展现出清新雅致的审美动向。

Lacquer wares unearthed in Jiangxi during the Wei and Jin dynasties are important materials for studying the evolution of painting techniques and styles from the Han dynasty to the Southern and Northern Dynasties.With the decline of official lacquerware industry,Jiangxi private workshop lacquerware production became prosperous and commercialized.Permeated by literati consciousness,Jiangxi lacquerware pursued the aesthetic standard of being skillful and practical,and the lacquerware works presented the individual spirit,and the overall decorative style changed from patterned to painterly.Influenced by professional painters and scholars’paintings,the figures show a vivid and free temperament.By means of using the painting powder book and symbolic image symbols to explain the identity of the characters and promote the development of the story,the integrity and readability of the story content was maintained.So we can see the coexistence of the decorative,painterly,narrative and episodic properties in lacquer painting.The creation of picture space and rich visual elements have great progress compared with the previous generation.The diversity and difference of the depicted objects have received unprecedented attention,showing a fresh and elegant aesthetic trend.