高速列车涡流制动对轨道计轴器的影响分析

Influence of eddy current braking of high-speed train on track axle counter

线性涡流制动由于其非黏着制动的特点,有望成为我国高速列车的新型制动方式。目前,涡流制动系统对既有线路轨道信号设备的电磁干扰缺乏相关研究,阻碍了该项技术的进一步应用。文章选取计轴器作为典型的轨道信号设备,在理论分析的基础上,采用ANSYS Maxwell和Twin Builder分别建立涡流制动电磁系统与计轴器的仿真模型。基于Twin Builder平台对涡流制动系统模型和计轴器模型进行联合仿真,分析涡流制动系统对计轴器的电磁干扰。试验结果表明,涡流制动电磁系统模型的仿真结果与理论计算结果相符,在无涡流制动系统的列车通过时计轴器感应电压为8.94 mV,验证了所建立模型的正确性;在有涡流制动系统的列车通过时会在计轴器感应线圈中产生峰值约为50 mV的干扰电压,使计轴器的感应电压超过设定阈值,从而可能产生误判,导致轨道区段的占用情况不准确,影响行车安全。该联合仿真模型可以辅助设计涡流制动装置,从而推动其应用。

Linear eddy current braking has the potential to become a new type of braking method for high-speed EMUs due to its non-adhesive braking characteristics.At present,there is a lack of relevant research on the electromagnetic interference of the eddy current braking system on the existing track signal equipment,which hinders the further application of this technology.In this paper,the axle counter was selected as a typical track signal device.On the basis of theoretical analysis,ANSYS Maxwell and Twin Builder were used to establish simulation models of eddy current brake electromagnetic system and axle counter respectively.Then,based on the Twin Builder platform,the eddy current brake system model and the axle counter model were jointly simulated to analyze the electromagnetic interference of the eddy current brake system to the axle counter.The experimental result shows that the simulation results of the eddy current brake electromagnetic system model are consistent with the theoretical calculation results.The inductance voltage of the axle counter is 8.94 mV when the train without the eddy current brake system passes,which verifies the correctness of the established model.The axle counter induction coil will generate an interference voltage with a peak value of about 50 mV when the train with an eddy current brake system passes.The interference may make the inductive voltage of the axle counter exceed the set threshold and cause misjudgment,resulting in the occupation situation of the track section is inaccurate,which affects driving safety.The co-simulation model can assist in the design of eddy current brake devices,thereby promoting its application.