有轨电车的重量计算和设备布置优化方法研究

Research on the method of weight calculation and equipment arrangement optimization of tramcar

针对五模块铰接式浮车型有轨电车重量计算和设备布局优化方法开展研究,根据材料力学方法提出一种有轨电车重量计算方法,其计算结果与基于FE有限元模型分析结果相比相对误差小于4%,重量计算精度较高。基于Isight优化平台采用多目标优化算法进行设备布置,因其优化效率低,并且仅能搜索到局部最优解,最终提出采用混合整数线性规划算法开发有轨电车设备布置优化模型,其优化模型综合考虑设备干涉、设备限界、检修空间和设备绑定等多种约束搜索全局最优解,实现设备布置优化效率大幅提高,整备状态下的轴重偏差与轮重偏差优化到0,同时基于整备状态下的设备布置参数,实现满座、额载和超重工况下轮重偏差均小于1.5%。该方法的精度和效率可满足工程应用的需求。

Research was carried out on the weight calculation and equipment layout optimization methods of five-module articulated floating tram.According to the material mechanics method,a tram weight calculation method was proposed.Compared with the calculated results based on FE finite element model,the error was less than 4%,which proved that the weight calculation accuracy was high.Based on Isight optimization platform,multi-objective optimization algorithm was adopted to improve the equipment layout.Because of its low optimization efficiency and only searching the local optimal solution,the mixed integer linear programming algorithm was finally proposed to develop the tram equipment layout optimization model.The optimization model comprehensively considered various constraints such as equipment interference,equipment clearance,maintenance space and equipment binding to search the global optimal solution,so as to greatly improve the efficiency of equipment layout optimization,and the axle and wheel weight deviation were optimized to 0 in the state of reconditioning.Based on the equipment layout parameters in the state of reconditioning,the wheel weight deviations were less than 1.5%in the conditions of full seat,load and overweight.The accuracy and efficiency of the method can meet the needs of engineering applications.