论西方生态学马克思主义的核心论题——科威尔对资本的生态批判理论及其当代价值

The Core Thesis of Western Ecological Marxism——On Joel Kovel’s Ecological Critical Theory of Capital and Its Contemporary Value

本文认为对资本主义制度的批判是西方生态学马克思主义研究持续关注的核心主题。生态学马克思主义揭露生态危机与资本主义制度存在根本的对立与冲突,即资本主义制度具有反生态性。乔尔·科威尔是生态学马克思主义卓越代表人物之一,他对资本主义制度的批判性理论一方面继承了生态学马克思主义普适性研究视域,另一方面也有其独特性的批判维度。本文旨在通过系统地梳理西方生态学马克思主义对资本主义制度的反生态性批判,在比较中彰显出科威尔独创的批判特质,从而为建构革命型生态社会主义奠定重要的理论基础,也为更好地研究和建构中国形态的生态文明,走出中国式现代化道路、创造人类文明新形态提供思想启示和借鉴。

The article holds that the criticism of capitalist system is the core theme of ecological Marxism in the West. Ecological Marxism reveals that there is fundamental opposition and conflict between ecological crisis and capitalist system, that is, capitalist is a system of anti-ecology. Joel Kovel is one of the outstanding representatives of ecological Marxism. On the one hand, his critical theory of capitalist system inherits the universal research perspective of ecological Marxism;on the other hand, it also has its unique critical point of view. This article makes a systematic analysis of the criticism of anti-ecology of capitalist system by Western ecological Marxism and brings to light the unique critical nature of Joel Kovel in comparison. This will lay important theoretical foundation for the construction of revolutionary ecological socialism and provide enlightenment and reference for better research and construction of China’s ecological civilization.