可变剪接在反刍动物中的研究进展

Advances in Alternative Splicing in Ruminants

可变剪接发生在前体mRNA成熟过程中,通过该过程可使单个基因产生多个mRNA异构体和蛋白质亚型,造成蛋白质表达多样性,是调节反刍动物基因表达的关键机制。许多研究表明,剪接因子、剪接位点对蛋白质的多样性表达起着十分重要的作用。可变剪接机制可特异性地调节反刍动物的繁殖性状,参与机体生长发育的各种生理及病理过程。文章对可变剪接体的剪接类型、作用机制、调控机理以及在反刍动物中的最新研究进展进行了综述,以期为深入研究可变剪接体在反刍动物中的作用机理提供一定的参考依据。

Alternative splicing occurred during the maturation of precursor mRNAs,through which multiple mRNA isoforms and protein isoforms are generated from a single gene,resulting in protein expression diversity,which is a key mechanism for regulating gene expression in ruminants.Many studies had shown that splicing factors and splice sites played a very important role in the diverse expression of proteins.Alternative splicing mechanisms can specifically regulate reproductive traits in ruminants and participate in various physiological and pathological processes of growth and development of the organism.This paper reviewed the types of splicing,mechanisms of action,regulatory mechanisms and recent studies of alternative splicing in ruminants,with a view to provide a basis for further research into the mechanisms of action of alternative splicing in ruminants.