纳猫民俗研究:基于范热内普“过渡礼仪”理论

Research on the Folklore of Raising Cats:Based on Van Genneps’s "The Rites of Passage" Theory

猫宠经济与传统文化热作为经济动力与时代性动力激起了民间对纳猫礼俗的兴趣。在梳理养猫热与猫的民俗热度时间线后,主要立足《猫苑》《猫乘》,探讨猫在民间从捕鼠功用到宠物化、伴侣化的转变。根据中国民俗文献与猫的类书,推测还原宋代及以后完整的聘猫仪式流程,并用“过渡礼仪”理论分析聘猫仪式的“分隔—边缘—聚合”三个阶段。研究表明,聘猫仪式与婚礼仪式存在相通之处。纳猫礼俗的碎片留存至今,传统礼俗与当代行为模式仍在互动。

As the driving force of the economy and the times,the prosperity of the pet cat economy and the popularity of traditional culture have stimulated the interest in the etiquette and customs of raising cats in China.After sorting out the timeline of cat raising fever and cat folklore fever,mainly based on "Mao Sheng" and "Mao Yuan",discussing the transformation of cats from the function of catching mice to pets and companions in China.According to Chinese folklore literature,it is speculated to restore the complete cat-adopting ceremony process in the Song Dynasty and beyond.Using the theory of "Rites of Passage" to analyze the three stages of "separationtransition-blending" of the cat raising ceremonies,the research shows that the ceremonies and the ceremonies of marriage have similarities.Fragments of the folklore of adopting cats still exist today,indicating that traditional etiquette and contemporary behavior patterns are still interacting.