住宅房屋建筑用水定额现状及国家标准编制

Status of Water Quota for Residential Building Construction and Compilation of National Standards

针对住宅房屋建筑用水定额标准国家层面缺失这一现实问题,总结了31个省级行政区住宅房屋建筑用水定额编制存在的问题,梳理住宅房屋建筑相关概念与内涵,设立合理的用水边界,开展点线面调研,参考已发布的省级用水定额,科学分区、分类,并采用经验法、统计分析等方法解算定额指标,结合水利部节水工作要求和建筑用水实际,最终确定住宅房屋建筑用水定额值。结果表明:已发布的省级用水定额达标率(包括等于)12.5%~40.0%。该定额考虑了现阶段住宅房屋建筑用水实际和节水潜力,能够衡量未来一个时期的节水水平。用水定额合理、科学、先进,可用于住宅房屋建筑施工临时用水申请与审批、计划用水管理等节约用水管理工作,进一步完善了中国用水定额标准体系。

Considering that there is no national standard for water quota in constructing residential buildings, this paper summarizes the existing problems in water quota compilation for residential building construction in 31 provinces of China and teases out related concepts and their connotations in this regard. On this basis, the construction area and water consumption of residential buildings during the construction period are investigated, and scientific and reasonable water use boundary and measurement benchmarks are established.Given the published provincial water quota, a clustering analysis method is used to partition and classify the water consumption quota,and the water quota is calculated by empirical and statistical methods. Combined with the requirements of the current water-saving policy and the actual water use, the water quota value is finally determined. The results show that the standard rate of the provincial water quota is 12. 5% ~ 40. 0%. This quota takes into account the actual water use and water-saving potential of residential building construction at this stage and can measure the water-saving level in the future period. The water quota is reasonable, scientific, and advanced, which can be used in the application and approval of temporary water use for residential building construction, as well as water-saving management such as the management of planned water use. In this way, the standard system of the water quota in China is further improved.