永磁式电涡流制退机磁路仿真及优化研究

Magnetic circuit simulation and optimization of a permanent magnet eddy current recoil brake

基于永磁式电涡流阻尼技术对火炮反后坐装置的制退机结构进行了全新的设计,通过原理试验验证了同极相对永磁阵列方案具有良好的缓冲制动性能。建立永磁式电涡流制退机仿真模型,针对强冲击载荷下的火炮后坐过程分析制退机在不同磁轭、气隙、导体筒以及导磁筒厚度参数影响下的后坐阻力特性。建立多目标后坐阻力优化模型,并基于BP(back propagation)神经网络和遗传算法下的现代优化计算方法,在Pareto解集中寻找改善去磁效应影响下后坐阻力曲线马鞍形特征的最优解。研究结果表明:电涡流阻尼器冲击响应试验验证了磁路方案的可行性和仿真结果的正确性;磁轭与导体筒厚度这两项电涡流制退机参数对后坐阻力和去磁程度影响较大;优化后的后坐阻力曲线马鞍形特征减弱,曲线充满度从79.51%提高到88.05%,验证优化策略可行。

Based on the permanent magnet eddy current damping technology,a brand-new recoil brake was designed.The principle experiment verified that the scheme of the same-pole relative permanent magnet array exhibitsa good performance for buffer braking.A simulation model of the permanent magnet eddy current recoil brake was established.The recoil resistance characteristics of the recoil brake with different magnetic yoke,air gap,conductor tube and magnetic tube thickness parameters were analyzed in the recoil process under strong impact load.A multi-objective recoil resistance optimization model was established,and based on the modern optimization calculation method with BP(back propagation)neural network and genetic algorithm,the optimal solution of the saddle-shaped characteristics of the recoil resistance curve under the influence of demagnetization was found from the Pareto solution set.The results show that the impulse response experiment of the eddy current damper verifies the feasibility of the magnetic circuit scheme and the correctness of simulation results.The thickness of yoke and conductor barrel,two parameters of the eddy current recoil brake,greatly influence the recoil resistance and demagnetization degree.The saddle-shaped characteristics of the recoil resistance curve are weakenedafter optimization,and the curve fullness is increased from 79.51% to 88.05%,which verifies the feasibility of the optimization strategy.