疫情常态化防控时期上海市医务人员工作压力调查分析

Investigation and analysis of work stress of medical staff in Shanghai during the period of normalized epidemic prevention and control

目的分析新型冠状病毒肺炎(以下简称新冠肺炎)疫情防控常态化背景下,上海市各级医疗机构医务人员的工作压力情况,为缓解医务人员的工作压力提供参考。方法2020年9—11月,从上海市静安区、嘉定区和浦东新区各选取2家社区卫生服务中心、1家二级医院和1家三级医院,共计12家医疗机构。采用分层随机抽样方法,抽取上述医疗机构的医务人员,使用自行设计问卷对其工作压力进行线上问卷调查。对调查数据进行描述性分析,组间比较采用χ2检验。结果获得有效问卷1422份。社区卫生服务中心和二/三级医院医务人员对一般工作压力的分级自评差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),其中认为一般工作"有压力"者分别占39.77%(317人)和55.36%(346人);两类机构医务人员对新冠肺炎疫情防控工作压力的分级自评差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),社区卫生服务中心和二/三级医院医务人员中认为新冠肺炎疫情防控工作"有压力"者分别达86.45%(689人)和76.48%(478人)。结论上海市医务人员总体工作压力较大,新冠肺炎疫情防控工作增加了医务人员的工作压力。

Objective To analyze the work stress of medical staff at different medical institutions in Shanghai under the background of normalized prevention and control of 2019 novel coronavirus diseases(COVID-19),for evidence of relieving the work stress of medical staff.Methods From September to November 2020,two community health service centers,one secondary hospital and one tertiary hospital were selected from each district of Jing′an District,Jiading District and Pudong New Area of Shanghai,totaling 12 medical institutions.The medical staff were selected by stratified random sampling.A self-designed questionnaire was used to conduct an online questionnaire survey on the work stress of medical staff.The survey data were analysied by descriptive analysis,and different groups were compared with chi square test.Results 1422 valid questionnaires were obtained.There was a significant difference in self-rated routine work stress of medical staff between community health service centers and secondary/tertiary hospitals(P<0.001).The proportions of medical staff whose self-rated routine work stress was"quite stressed"or"very stressed"at community health service centers and secondary/tertiary hospitals were 39.77%(317)and 55.36%(346)respectively.There was a significant difference in self-rated COVID-19 prevention stress of medical staff between community health service centers and secondary/tertiary hospitals(P<0.001),the proportions of medical staff who considered the COVID-19 prevention was"quite stressed"or"very stressed"were 86.45%(689)and 76.48%(478)respectively.Conclusions The overall work stress of medical staff at medical institutions in Shanghai was high.The prevention and control of COVID-19 increased the pressure of medical staff at all levels of medical institutions.