我国刑法中的犯罪定量及其合理化规制与运用

Crime Quantification in Criminal Law of Our Country and Its Rational Regulation and Application

我国刑法对犯罪定量采取由总到分的立法定量模式,刑法总则第13条但书对犯罪定量作了一般性规定,分则对许多个罪定量亦作出具体规定。但书定量规定具有积极的规范价值和实践意义。分则中的定量规定本土特色鲜明,但也存在缺陷与不足。我国司法解释中的犯罪定量规定具有独特的功能和作用,同时也存在一些问题。司法实践对定量规定不恰当的理解和运用包括:对总则定量规定与分则个别定量之间的关系存在不恰当理解;没有充分运用犯罪定量的价值判断;怠于行使司法自由裁量权。我国犯罪定量的合理化规制与运用主要路径包括:设置专门犯罪定量机构或者部门;规范犯罪定量要求;遵循犯罪定量的一般原则;正确理解与适用相关定量规定;强化犯罪定量的程序制约。

The criminal law of our country adopts the legislative quantitative model from the total to the cent. The proviso of article 13 of the general provisions of the criminal law makes a general stipulation on the quantitative of crime, and specific provisions are also made for the quantification of many crimes. The proviso has positive normative value and practical significance. The quantitative provisions in the section have distinctive local characteristics, but there are also defects and deficiencies. The quantitative stipulation of crime in China’s judicial interpretation has its specific function, but there are also some problems. The improper understanding and application of quantitative provisions in China’s judicial practice include: improper understanding and application of the relationship between general quantitative provisions and specific quantitative provisions;The quantitative value judgment of crime is not fully used;Delay in exercising judicial discretion. The rationalized regulation and application of quantitative crime in China mainly include: setting up specialized quantitative crime institutions or departments;Regulating the quantitative requirements of crimes;Follow the general principle of quantitative crime;Correctly understand and apply relevant quantitative provisions;Strengthen the procedural restriction of quantitative crime.