生产社会化、生产条件与国家对经济的协调——基于资本有机构成范畴的理论和经验分析

Production Socialization, Production Conditions and National Coordination of Economy--A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis Based on the Category of Organic Composition of Capital

资本有机构成是马克思主义政治经济学中连接技术和社会关系的枢纽性变量,在理论和经验分析中占据着重要的地位。本文从资本有机构成的理论内涵和外延的讨论出发,从生产社会化对生产条件影响的角度证明了生产社会化会引致个别和社会生产条件差异,从而导致个别和社会资本有机构成、个别利润率和社会利润率之间的背离。这将对社会经济再生产过程产生重要的影响。这是生产社会化与生产资料私有制之间矛盾的具体表现形式之一,由此产生对经济运行过程进行各种形式的社会协调的需要。但资本主义生产方式的基本矛盾决定了其社会协调的局限性,只有在中国特色社会主义市场经济条件下,在党对经济工作的集中统一领导下,才能更好地发挥政府和市场的作用,协调好各个层次和各个方面利益主体的关系,实现经济高质量发展。

The organic composition of capital is a pivotal variable connecting technology and social relations in Marxist political economy, which occupies an important place in theoretical and empirical analysis. Starting from the discussion of the theoretical connotation and extension of the organic composition of capital, and from the perspective of the impact of production socialization on production conditions, this paper puts forward that production socialization will lead to the difference between individual and social production conditions, resulting in the deviation between individual and social capital organic composition, individual profit rate and social profit rate, which will have an important impact on the process of social and economic reproduction. This is one of the important specific manifestations of the contradiction between production socialization and private ownership of means of production in the process of economic and social development, resulting in the need for various forms of social coordination in the process of economic operation. However, the basic contradiction of the capitalist mode of production determines the limitations of this social coordination. Only under the condition of the socialist market economy with Chinese characteristics and under the centralized and unified leadership of the party on economic work, can we give better play to the role of the government and the market, coordinate the relationship between all levels and stakeholders in all aspects, and realize high-quality economic development.