发酵陈皮黑茶改善高脂饮食诱导的小鼠糖脂代谢紊乱

Dark Tea with Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae Improves Glucose Metabolism and Lipid Metabolism Disorders Induced by High-Fat Diet in Mice

本研究通过高脂饮食诱导C57BL/6J小鼠建立代谢紊乱模型,探究发酵陈皮黑茶对小鼠的体质量增长、空腹血糖水平、糖耐量、胰岛素水平、血脂水平以及肠道菌群变化等的影响。结果表明,与模型对照组相比,0.75~3.00 g/kg m_(b)的发酵陈皮黑茶干预可以有效降低高脂饮食诱导的小鼠空腹血糖水平,3.00 g/kg m_(b)的发酵陈皮黑茶干预可以显著改善糖耐量水平,并改善早期肝脂肪沉积,其中,中剂量(1.50 g/kg m_(b))干预能够降低肝组织中的总胆固醇水平。肠道菌群分析发现,饮用发酵陈皮黑茶可以逆转高脂饮食导致的菌群相对丰度改变,降低变形菌门以及厚壁菌门/拟杆菌门比例;在属水平上,抑制脱硫弧菌属、乳杆菌属和乳球菌属,并增加梭菌属、Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group的相对丰度。代谢通路分析预测得出,发酵陈皮黑茶可以下调糖酵解关键酶乳酸脱氢酶、6-磷酸-β-葡萄糖苷酶,从而抑制与革兰氏阳性菌富集、黏附相关脂磷壁酸的合成。基于菌群分析结果推测,发酵陈皮黑茶可能有助于保护肠道上皮屏障,并作用于脂肪酸吸收、胆汁酸代谢及脂肪分解环节,发挥改善糖代谢、改善肝脏脂肪沉积的作用。因此,发酵陈皮黑茶具有调节肠道菌群、改善糖脂代谢的作用,是一种潜在的健康饮品。

In this study,we investigated the effects of dark tea with Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae on body mass growth(BMG),fasting serum glucose(FSG),glucose tolerance(GT),serum insulin,serum lipids and gut microbiota in C57BL/6J mice with metabolic disorders induced by a high-fat diet.Our data showed that intervention with the tea at a dose of 0.75-3.00 g/kg m_(b) lowered FSG in the mouse model of metabolic disorders.The intervention at 3.00 g/kg m_(b) improved GT and ameliorated early hepatic fat deposition.Hepatic total cholesterol was decreased significantly in the middle-dose(1.50 g/kg m_(b))intervention group.Moreover,consumption of the dark tea reversed the change in gut microbiota relative abundance induced by the high-fat diet and decreased the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes.At the genus level,the dark tea inhibited the relative abundance of Desulfovibrio,Lactobacillus and Lactococcus but increased the abundance of Clostridium and Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group.Metabolic pathway analysis revealed that lactate dehydrogenase and 6-phospho-β-glucosidase,key enzymes of glycolysis,were down regulated,resulting in inhibition of the synthesis of lipoteichoic acid associated with the enrichment and adhesion of Gram positive bacteria.Based on these findings,we speculated that dark tea with Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae may protect the intestinal epithelial barrier and regulate fatty acid absorption,bile acid metabolism and lipolysis,thereby ameliorating glucose metabolism and liver fat deposition.Thus,this tea is expected to be a potential healthy beverage regulating the gut microbiota and improving glucose and lipid metabolism.