自动腹膜透析技术在终末期肾衰竭中的应用效果及对患者生活质量的影响

Application effect of automatic peritoneal dialysis on end-stage renal failure and its influence on quality of life of patients

目的 分析自动腹膜透析(APD)技术在终末期肾衰竭中的应用效果及对患者生活质量的影响。方法 选取2017年3月至2021年3月在我院就诊且行腹膜透析置管术的186例终末期肾衰竭患者作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将其分为观察组和对照组,各93例。观察组采用APD治疗,对照组采用连续非卧床腹膜透析(CAPD)治疗。比较两组患者的血清肌酐、尿素氮水平,并发症及死亡发生情况,生活质量评价量表(short form 36 questionnaire, SF-36)评分。结果 治疗前,两组的肌酐、尿素氮水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,观察组的肌酐、尿素氮水平低于对照组及治疗前,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组的感染和高血压发生率及死亡率显著低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组的心衰和心律失常发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗前,两组的SF-36评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,两组的SF-36评分均升高,且观察组高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 采用APD治疗终末期肾衰竭患者的效果显著,能减少并发症,提高生活质量,但患者的残余肾功能低于CAPD治疗。APD和CAPD各具优势,临床应根据患者实际情况进行选择。

Objective To analyze the application effect of automatic peritoneal dialysis(APD) on end-stage renal failure and its influence on quality of life of patients. Methods A total of 186 patients with end-stage renal failure who underwent peritoneal dialysis and catheterization in our hospital from March 2017 to March 2021 were divided into observation group and control group according to random number table method, with 93 cases in each group. The observation group was treated with APD, and the control group was treated with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis(CAPD). The levels of serum creatinine and urea nitrogen, the incidence of complications and mortality, and the score of short form 36 questionnaire(SF-36) were compared between the two groups. Results Before treatment, there were no significant difference in the levels of creatinine and urea nitrogen between the two groups(P>0.05);after treatment, the levels of creatinine and urea nitrogen in the observation group were lower than those in the control group and before treatment, and the differences were statistically significant(P <0.05). The incidences of infection and hypertension and mortality in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P <0.05);there were no significant differences in the incidences of heart failure and arrhythmia between the two groups(P>0.05). Before treatment,there was no significant difference in SF-36 score between the two groups(P>0.05);after treatment, the SF-36 score in the two groups increased, and that in the observation group was higher than the control group, the difference was statistically significant(P <0.05). Conclusion APD is effective in the treatment of patients with end-stage renal failure, which can reduce complications and improve the quality of life, but the residual renal function of patients is lower than that of CAPD. APD and CAPD have their own advantages, which should be selected according to the actual situation of patients.