人类择偶复制现象的性别差异探析

Analysis of the gender difference in human mate choice copying

择偶复制是一种非独立的择偶方式,人类通过复制他人的择偶行为以节省选择成本获得择偶优势。许多研究发现女性相对于男性更容易采用择偶复制策略。这可能是个体社会适应机制进化的结果。择偶复制策略可以降低女性高昂的成本与风险,而男性采用择偶复制策略意义不大,且会加剧择偶过程中的性内竞争。但婚姻制度与社会文化差异也可能会影响人类社会整体的择偶复制性别差异。今后需要继续从神经机制与文化角度对人类择偶复制现象进行研究以建立更合理有效的理论模型。

Mate choice copying is a non-independent method of human beings when choosing a spouse by copying others’ choice to save cost, thereby obtaining advantages of mate-selection. Many studies have found that females prefer mate choice copying strategies than males, which may be the result of the evolution of individual’s social adaptative mechanism. Mate choice copying can avoid women’s high costs and risks, while it is of slight significance for men to adopt mate choice copying strategy, which on the contrary will intensify intrasexual competition during mate choice. However, in the process of human reproduction, the differences between marriage system and social cultures may also lead to the gender difference in mate choice of the overall society. In the future, further studies on human mate choice copying phenomenon from the perspective of neural mechanism are needed, so as to establish a more reasonable and effective theoretical model.