不同刀具对超声辅助钻削CFRP分层损伤的影响研究

Study on the effect of different tools on hole delamination of ultrasonic-assisted drilling CFRP

在超声辅助碳纤维复合材料(CFRP)制孔工艺中,刀具的选择对最终的成孔质量有显著的影响。为了分析不同类型刀具对超声辅助钻削CFRP分层损伤的影响,在不同主轴转速和进给速度的条件下,分别选用空心钻、麻花钻、改进麻花钻、匕首钻进行制孔实验。结果表明:空心钻钻削时加工参数对轴向力和出口分层面积的影响显著,使用时应采用较大的主轴转速与较小的进给速度,其余三种刀具引起的分层面积随主轴转速的增加无明显变化;依据其出入口分层形态的特点,麻花钻和改进麻花钻适用于对加工质量要求较低、对加工效率有一定要求的场合,匕首钻适用于对加工质量要求严格、加工效率适中的薄板加工的场合。

In the ultrasonic-assisted drilling of carbon fiber composite material(CFRP), the selection of the tool has a significant influence on the hole quality. To analyze the influence of different kinds of drills on ultrasonic-assisted drilling of CFRP, core drills, twist drills, improved twist drills, and dagger drills were selected to conduct comparison experiments under the conditions of different spindle speeds and feed rates. The results show that the thrust force and the exit delamination area during core drilling are significantly affected by the machining parameters. The high spindle speed and the low feed rate should be selected with the utilization of core drilling. There was no evident change in the delamination area caused by the other three tools with the increase of the spindle speed. According to the characteristics of the delamination morphology of hole entrances and exits, twist drills and improved twist drills are appropriate for the drilling process with low hole quality and moderate drilling efficiency. The dagger drill is suitable for drilling thin CFRP plates with the requirements of high hole quality and moderate drilling efficiency.