土壤水分胁迫对马铃薯生长发育光合特性和产量的影响

Effects of Soil Water Stress on Growth and Development,Photosynthesis and Yield of Potato

为了深入了解马铃薯对水分胁迫的响应机制,以马铃薯品种青薯9号(中晚熟品种)和闽薯1号(中熟品种)为试材,采用盆栽试验,土壤水分管理设正常供水(保持土壤田间持水量的75%,CK)、中度水分胁迫(保持土壤田间持水量的50%)和重度水分胁迫(保持土壤田间持水量的25%)3个处理,研究了土壤水分胁迫对马铃薯生长发育、光合特性和产量的影响。结果表明:在马铃薯块茎发育过程中,土壤水分胁迫会明显降低2个马铃薯品种的株高、块茎长度和宽度、叶绿素含量、净光合速率、气孔导度、胞间CO_(2)浓度、蒸腾速率和产量,且胁迫程度越大,马铃薯株高越矮、块茎越小,叶片光合能力越差,产量越低。

In order to better understand the response mechanism of potato to water stress,taking potato varieties Qingshu No.9(medium and late ripe variety) and Minshu No.1(medium ripe variety) as the test materials,the pot experiments were used. Soil water management was equipped with normal water supply(maintaining75% of field capacity,CK),moderate water stress(maintaining 50% of field capacity) and severe water stress(maintaining 25% of field capacity). The effects of soil water stress on the growth and development,photosynthetic characteristics and yield of potato were studied. The results showed that during the development of potato tubers,soil water stress would significantly reduce the plant height,tuber length and width,chlorophyll content,net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductivity,intercellular CO_(2) concentration,transpiration rate and yield of the two potato varieties,and the more serious the stress,the higher the plant,the smaller the tuber,the poorer the photosynthesis ability and the lower the yield.