摘要
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma(PDAC)has become the seventh most frequent cause of cancer death in the world with increasing incidence independent of patient sex and age with smoking and alcohol consumption being the most important risk factors(1).The high mortality rate is mainly attributed to the biological characteristics of this disease:even small tumors reveal perineural invasion or local spread into lymph and blood vessels resulting in systemic disease.The estimated risk of occult distant metastasis at the time of surgery is 28%and 94%for tumors with a diameter of 1 and 3 cm,respectively(2).Consequently,many patients present with disseminated or locally advanced disease and are at high risk for early tumor recurrence(3).
